在巴基斯坦乳腺癌患者中 EBV、HPV 和 MMTV 的流行情况：病毒在乳腺癌中可能具有病因学作用。

Prevalence of EBV, HPV and MMTV in Pakistani breast cancer patients: A possible etiological role of viruses in breast cancer.

机构信息

Atta-Ur-Rahman School of Applied Biosciences, National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), H-12 Sector, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan; Department of Microbiology, University of Iowa, Iowa, USA.

Atta-Ur-Rahman School of Applied Biosciences, National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), H-12 Sector, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan.

出版信息

Infect Genet Evol. 2017 Oct;54:230-237. doi: 10.1016/j.meegid.2017.07.010. Epub 2017 Jul 10.

DOI:10.1016/j.meegid.2017.07.010

PMID:28705719

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Breast cancer being a multifactorial disease, the role of infectious agent in development of disease is of great interest. The high incidence of breast cancer around the world has woken the interest in a viral etiology of breast cancer. Despite decades of research, no etiologic factor(s) for human breast cancer has been known and the quest for a contributing cause has all but been abandoned during the past years. Recent investigations have linked breast cancer to viral infections, such as Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), Human papillomavirus (HPV) and mouse mammary tumor virus.

AIM

To investigate the possible association of EBV, HPV and MMTV infection with breast cancer development and progression.

METHODS

Screening of isolated genomic DNA from FFPE breast cancer tissue biopsies (n=250) using standard polymerase chain reaction and correlation of virus prevalence with BC disease outcomes using statistical analysis software (SPSS 16.0).

RESULTS

Our findings suggest the prevalence of EBV (24.4%), HPV (18.1%) and MMTV (29.3%), while coinfection of HPV and EBV was detected in 9.2% (23/250), co infection of HPV and MMTV in 3.2% (8/250) and coinfection of EBV and MMTV in 6% (15/250) of breast cancer samples. No virus was detected in 59.5% of the breast cancer samples. Mono infection of EBV and HPV do not statistically co-relate with the clinico-pathological outcomes of breast cancer disease, though MMTV infection does co-relate with age and grade of breast cancer disease. In our study, the prevalence of coinfection of HPV, EBV and MMTV in Pakistani breast cancer patients is rare, still there is a possibility of synergistic carcinogenic effect of different viruses in the development of breast cancer disease.

CONCLUSION

The significant percentage of virus prevalence shows potential role in breast cancer development. However, this study provides substantial but not conclusive evidence for the involvement of viruses in BC disease development and progressiveness.

摘要

背景

乳腺癌是一种多因素疾病，因此传染病原在疾病发展中的作用引起了广泛关注。世界各地乳腺癌的高发病率引起了人们对乳腺癌病毒病因的兴趣。尽管经过几十年的研究，目前仍不清楚人类乳腺癌的任何病因因素，而且近年来寻找致病原因的工作几乎已经放弃。最近的研究将乳腺癌与病毒感染联系起来，例如 Epstein-Barr 病毒（EBV）、人乳头瘤病毒（HPV）和鼠乳腺肿瘤病毒。

目的

研究 EBV、HPV 和 MMTV 感染与乳腺癌发展和进展的可能关联。

方法

使用标准聚合酶链反应对来自 FFPE 乳腺癌组织活检的分离基因组 DNA 进行筛查（n=250），并使用统计分析软件（SPSS 16.0）对病毒流行率与 BC 疾病结局进行相关性分析。

结果

我们的研究结果表明 EBV（24.4%）、HPV（18.1%）和 MMTV（29.3%）的流行率，而 HPV 和 EBV 的合并感染在 9.2%（23/250）的乳腺癌样本中检测到，HPV 和 MMTV 的合并感染在 3.2%（8/250）的样本中检测到，而 EBV 和 MMTV 的合并感染在 6%（15/250）的样本中检测到。在 59.5%的乳腺癌样本中未检测到病毒。EBV 和 HPV 的单一感染与乳腺癌疾病的临床病理结局无统计学相关性，而 MMTV 感染与乳腺癌疾病的年龄和分级相关。在我们的研究中，在巴基斯坦乳腺癌患者中 HPV、EBV 和 MMTV 的合并感染发生率较低，但不同病毒在乳腺癌疾病发展中的协同致癌作用仍有可能。