Amiri Rana, Heydari Abbas
Assistant Professor, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
Professor, Evidence-Based Caring Research Center, Department of Medical-Surgical Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
Iran J Nurs Midwifery Res. 2017 May-Jun;22(3):232-236. doi: 10.4103/1735-9066.208156.
Mashhad is a center of diverse cultures, where many local and foreign cultures live together in its context. One of the main needs of a society with cultural diversity is transcultural care of patients. Hence, the present study took the first step for care of culturally diversified and minority patients in Mashhad. This research has been conducted to explore the nurses' experience of caring from patients with different cultures.
This study is a qualitative research using phenomenological hermeneutics approach. The participations include nurses who have been working 5 or less than 5 years in the hospitals affiliated to Medical University of Mashhad. They were selected using purposeful sampling method. For data collection, semi-structured, in-depth interview was used. For data analysis, interpretation method was used. The interviews continued until saturation of data was obtained.
Data analysis resulted in extraction of 4 themes including ethnocentrism, contradicting perceptions of care, it is not our fault, and lack of cultural knowledge.
The experience of nurses in taking care of patients with other cultures showed that minorities and small cultures have been neglected in Mashhad and hospitalization of such people in hospitals and other clinics is not specific. We recommend that an educational curriculum about transcultural care should be added to nursing courses. Also, necessary equipment and facilities should be considered and prepared for culturally different patients in hospitals.
马什哈德是一个多元文化的中心，许多本土和外来文化在此交融。一个具有文化多样性的社会的主要需求之一是对患者进行跨文化护理。因此，本研究迈出了在马什哈德护理文化多元和少数群体患者的第一步。本研究旨在探索护士照顾不同文化背景患者的经历。
本研究是一项采用现象学诠释学方法的定性研究。参与者包括在马什哈德医科大学附属医院工作5年及以下的护士。采用目的抽样法进行选择。数据收集采用半结构化的深度访谈。数据分析采用诠释法。访谈持续进行直至数据饱和。
数据分析提炼出4个主题，包括民族中心主义、对护理的矛盾认知、这不是我们的错以及缺乏文化知识。
护士照顾其他文化背景患者的经历表明，马什哈德的少数群体和小文化群体被忽视了，这类人群在医院和其他诊所的住院安排并不特殊。我们建议在护理课程中增加跨文化护理的教育课程。此外，应为医院中文化背景不同的患者考虑并准备必要的设备和设施。
