Buchheit Martin
Int J Sports Physiol Perform. 2017 Sep;12(8):1111-1114. doi: 10.1123/ijspp.2017-0422. Epub 2017 Jul 17.
Apollo 13 was initially looking like it would be the smoothest flight ever. After the explosion of an oxygen tank, however, the astronauts were close to spending the rest of their lives in rotation around the planet. This well-known incident is used to further discuss the link, or lack thereof, between sport-science research and current field practices. There is a feeling that the academic culture and its publishing requirements have created a bit of an Apollo 13-like orbiting world (eg, journals and conferences) that is mostly disconnected from the reality of elite performance. The author discusses how poor research discredits our profession and provides some examples from the field where the research does not apply. In fact, the reality is that sport scientists often do not have the right answers. Some perspectives to improve translation are finally discussed, including a rethink of the overall publishing process: promotion of relevant submission types (eg, short-paper format, short reports, as provided by IJSPP), improvement of the review process (faster turnaround, reviewers identified to increase accountability, and, in turn, review quality), and media types (eg, free downloads, simplified versions published in coaching journals, book chapters, infographics, dissemination via social media). When it comes to guiding practitioners and athletes, instead of using an evidence-based approach, we should rather promote an "evidence-led" or "informed-practice" approach-one that appreciates context over simple scientific conclusions.
阿波罗13号最初看起来会是有史以来最顺利的一次飞行。然而，在一个氧气罐爆炸后，宇航员们险些在绕地球旋转中度过余生。这个广为人知的事件被用来进一步探讨运动科学研究与当前实际应用之间的联系，或者说两者之间缺乏联系的情况。有一种观点认为，学术文化及其出版要求营造了一种类似阿波罗13号那样的轨道世界（例如期刊和会议），这个世界大多与精英表现的现实脱节。作者讨论了糟糕的研究如何诋毁我们的职业，并提供了一些该研究不适用领域的例子。事实上，现实情况是运动科学家常常没有正确答案。最后讨论了一些改进翻译的观点，包括重新思考整个出版过程：推广相关的投稿类型（例如国际运动科学与体育杂志提供的短文格式、简短报告），改进评审过程（加快周转速度，确定评审人员以提高问责制，进而提高评审质量），以及媒体类型（例如免费下载、在教练期刊上发表的简化版本、书籍章节、信息图表、通过社交媒体传播）。在指导从业者和运动员时，我们不应采用循证方法，而应提倡“以证据为导向”或“明智实践”的方法——一种重视具体情况而非简单科学结论的方法。
