Herrlich Peter, Herrlich Andreas
Leibniz Institute on Aging, Fritz Lipmann Institute, Jena, Germany.
Washington University School of Medicine in St Louis, St Louis, MO, USA.
Trends Cancer. 2017 Jul;3(7):482-490. doi: 10.1016/j.trecan.2017.05.001. Epub 2017 May 25.
Identification of early cancer, detection of progression, and monitoring of therapeutic success remain urgent issues in clinical medicine, particularly given the increasing cancer incidence in our aging populations. New methodologies have provided enormous progress over the past decades by defining the genetic and proteomic composition of cancers, yielding putative cancer biomarkers detectable in blood or other body fluids less invasively and more cheaply than using currently available screening techniques that often involve biopsies or surgery. However, the clinical use of these new methodologies is still far off. In this review, we focus on putative soluble cancer biomarkers shed from the cell surface by metalloproteases overexpressed in numerous cancers. Although useful candidates have been identified, their validation and adoption into clinical use remain challenging.
早期癌症的识别、病情进展的检测以及治疗效果的监测仍然是临床医学中的紧迫问题，特别是考虑到在我们老龄化人口中癌症发病率不断上升的情况。在过去几十年中，新方法通过确定癌症的基因和蛋白质组组成取得了巨大进展，产生了可在血液或其他体液中检测到的假定癌症生物标志物，其检测方式比目前常用的筛查技术侵入性更小、成本更低，而目前的筛查技术通常涉及活检或手术。然而，这些新方法在临床中的应用仍遥遥无期。在本综述中，我们重点关注在众多癌症中过度表达的金属蛋白酶从细胞表面脱落的假定可溶性癌症生物标志物。尽管已经鉴定出了有用的候选物，但对它们进行验证并应用于临床仍然具有挑战性。
