Dong Beidi, Krohn Marvin D
Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, University of Pennsylvania.
Department of Sociology and Criminology & Law, University of Florida.
J Dev Life Course Criminol. 2017 Mar;3(1):39-61. doi: 10.1007/s40865-016-0051-4. Epub 2016 Nov 18.
Previous research on the labeling perspective has identified mediational processes and the long-term effects of official intervention in the life course. However, it is not yet clear what factors may moderate the relationship between labeling and subsequent offending. The current study integrates Cullen's (1994) social support theory to examine how family social support conditions the criminogenic, stigmatizing effects of official intervention on delinquency and whether such protective effects vary by developmental stage.
Using longitudinal data from the Rochester Youth Development Study, we estimated negative binomial regression models to investigate the relationships between police arrest, family social support, and criminal offending during both adolescence and young adulthood.
Police arrest is a significant predictor of self-reported delinquency in both the adolescent and adult models. Expressive family support exhibits main effects in the adolescent models; instrumental family support exhibits main effects at both developmental stages. Additionally, instrumental family support diminishes some of the predicted adverse effects of official intervention in adulthood.
Perception of family support can be critical in reducing general delinquency as well as buffering against the adverse effects of official intervention on subsequent offending. Policies and programs that work with families subsequent to a criminal justice intervention should emphasize the importance of providing a supportive environment for those who are labeled.
以往关于标签视角的研究已经确定了中介过程以及官方干预在人生历程中的长期影响。然而，尚不清楚哪些因素可能会调节标签与后续犯罪之间的关系。当前的研究整合了卡伦（1994）的社会支持理论，以检验家庭社会支持如何调节官方干预对青少年犯罪的致罪性、污名化影响，以及这种保护作用是否因发育阶段而异。
利用罗切斯特青年发展研究的纵向数据，我们估计了负二项回归模型，以研究警察逮捕、家庭社会支持与青少年期和青年期犯罪之间的关系。
在青少年和成人模型中，警察逮捕都是自我报告的青少年犯罪的重要预测因素。表达性家庭支持在青少年模型中显示出主要作用；工具性家庭支持在两个发育阶段都显示出主要作用。此外，工具性家庭支持减少了成年期官方干预的一些预测不利影响。
对家庭支持的感知对于减少一般犯罪以及缓冲官方干预对后续犯罪的不利影响可能至关重要。刑事司法干预后与家庭合作的政策和项目应强调为那些被贴上标签的人提供支持性环境的重要性。
