BHF Cardiovascular Research Centre, Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK.
Institute of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK.
Int J Obes (Lond). 2017 Dec;41(12):1761-1768. doi: 10.1038/ijo.2017.169. Epub 2017 Jul 24.
Obesity is a multifactorial condition influenced by both genetics and lifestyle. The aim of this study was to investigate whether the association between a validated genetic profile risk score for obesity (GPRS-obesity) and body mass index (BMI) or waist circumference (WC) was modified by macronutrient intake in a large general population study.
This study included cross-sectional data from 48 170 white European adults, aged 37-73 years, participating in the UK Biobank. Interactions between GPRS-obesity and macronutrient intake (including total energy, protein, fat, carbohydrate and dietary fibre intake) and its effects on BMI and WC were investigated.
The 93-single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) GPRS was associated with a higher BMI (β: 0.57 kg m per s.d. increase in GPRS (95% confidence interval: 0.53-0.60); P=1.9 × 10) independent of major confounding factors. There was a significant interaction between GPRS and total fat intake (P=0.007). Among high-fat-intake individuals, BMI was higher by 0.60 (0.52, 0.67) kg m per s.d. increase in GPRS-obesity; the change in BMI with GPRS was lower among low-fat-intake individuals (β: 0.50 (0.44, 0.57) kg m). Significant interactions with similar patterns were observed for saturated fat intake (high β: 0.66 (0.59, 0.73) versus low β: 0.49 (0.42, 0.55) kg m, P=2 × 10) and for total energy intake (high β: 0.58 (0.51, 0.64) versus low β: 0.49 (0.42, 0.56) kg m, P=0.019), but not for protein intake, carbohydrate intake and fibre intake (P >0.05). The findings were broadly similar using WC as the outcome.
These data suggest that the benefits of reducing the intake of fats and total energy intake may be more important in individuals with high genetic risk for obesity.
肥胖是一种受遗传和生活方式影响的多因素疾病。本研究旨在探讨在一项大型的一般人群研究中，经过验证的肥胖遗传风险评分（GPRS-obesity）与体重指数（BMI）或腰围（WC）之间的关联是否受宏量营养素摄入的影响。
本研究纳入了 UK Biobank 中 48170 名年龄在 37-73 岁的白种欧洲成年人的横断面数据。研究了 GPRS-obesity 与宏量营养素摄入（包括总能量、蛋白质、脂肪、碳水化合物和膳食纤维摄入）之间的相互作用及其对 BMI 和 WC 的影响。
由 93 个单核苷酸多态性（SNP）组成的 GPRS 与 BMI 升高相关（β：GPRS 每增加 0.57kg·m-2 ，BMI 增加 0.53-0.60；P=1.9×10-4），且独立于主要混杂因素。GPRS 与总脂肪摄入量之间存在显著的交互作用（P=0.007）。在高脂肪摄入量的个体中，GPRS-obesity 每增加 0.60（0.52，0.67）kg·m-2 ，BMI 增加 0.60kg·m-2；在低脂肪摄入量的个体中，GPRS 与 BMI 的变化较小（β：0.50（0.44，0.57）kg·m-2 ）。对于饱和脂肪摄入量（高β：0.66（0.59，0.73）kg·m-2 ，低β：0.49（0.42，0.55）kg·m-2 ，P=2×10）和总能量摄入量（高β：0.58（0.51，0.64）kg·m-2 ，低β：0.49（0.42，0.56）kg·m-2 ，P=0.019），也观察到类似模式的显著交互作用，但蛋白质、碳水化合物和膳食纤维摄入量（P>0.05）则无显著交互作用。以 WC 为结局的研究结果大致相似。
这些数据表明，减少脂肪和总能量摄入的益处可能在肥胖遗传风险较高的个体中更为重要。
