Castle John C, Chalmers Iain, Atkinson Patricia, Badenoch Douglas, Oxman Andrew D, Austvoll-Dahlgren Astrid, Nordheim Lena, Krause L Kendall, Schwartz Lisa M, Woloshin Steven, Burls Amanda, Mosconi Paola, Hoffmann Tammy, Cusack Leila, Albarqouni Loai, Glasziou Paul
James Lind Initiative, Oxford, United Kingdom.
Minervation Ltd., Oxford, United Kingdom.
PLoS One. 2017 Jul 24;12(7):e0178666. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0178666. eCollection 2017.
People are frequently confronted with untrustworthy claims about the effects of treatments. Uncritical acceptance of these claims can lead to poor, and sometimes dangerous, treatment decisions, and wasted time and money. Resources to help people learn to think critically about treatment claims are scarce, and they are widely scattered. Furthermore, very few learning-resources have been assessed to see if they improve knowledge and behavior.
Our objectives were to develop the Critical thinking and Appraisal Resource Library (CARL). This library was to be in the form of a database containing learning resources for those who are responsible for encouraging critical thinking about treatment claims, and was to be made available online. We wished to include resources for groups we identified as 'intermediaries' of knowledge, i.e. teachers of schoolchildren, undergraduates and graduates, for example those teaching evidence-based medicine, or those communicating treatment claims to the public. In selecting resources, we wished to draw particular attention to those resources that had been formally evaluated, for example, by the creators of the resource or independent research groups.
CARL was populated with learning-resources identified from a variety of sources-two previously developed but unmaintained inventories; systematic reviews of learning-interventions; online and database searches; and recommendations by members of the project group and its advisors. The learning-resources in CARL were organised by 'Key Concepts' needed to judge the trustworthiness of treatment claims, and were made available online by the James Lind Initiative in Testing Treatments interactive (TTi) English (www.testingtreatments.org/category/learning-resources).TTi English also incorporated the database of Key Concepts and the Claim Evaluation Tools developed through the Informed Healthcare Choices (IHC) project (informedhealthchoices.org).
We have created a database of resources called CARL, which currently contains over 500 open-access learning-resources in a variety of formats: text, audio, video, webpages, cartoons, and lesson materials. These are aimed primarily at 'Intermediaries', that is, 'teachers', 'communicators', 'advisors', 'researchers', as well as for independent 'learners'. The resources included in CARL are currently accessible at www.testingtreatments.org/category/learning-resources.
We hope that ready access to CARL will help to promote the critical thinking about treatment claims, needed to help improve healthcare choices.
人们经常会遇到关于治疗效果的不可信说法。不加批判地接受这些说法可能会导致糟糕的，有时甚至是危险的治疗决策，以及时间和金钱的浪费。帮助人们学会批判性思考治疗说法的资源稀缺且分布广泛。此外，很少有学习资源经过评估以确定它们是否能提高知识水平和改变行为。
我们的目标是开发批判性思维与评估资源库（CARL）。该资源库将以数据库的形式呈现，为那些负责鼓励对治疗说法进行批判性思考的人提供学习资源，并将在线提供。我们希望纳入针对我们确定为知识“中介”群体的资源，即学童、本科生和研究生的教师，例如那些教授循证医学的教师，或者那些向公众传达治疗说法的人。在选择资源时，我们希望特别关注那些经过正式评估的资源，例如由资源创建者或独立研究小组进行的评估。
CARL中的学习资源来自多种渠道——两个先前开发但未维护的清单；学习干预的系统评价；在线和数据库搜索；以及项目组及其顾问的推荐。CARL中的学习资源按照判断治疗说法可信度所需的“关键概念”进行组织，并由詹姆斯·林德治疗测试倡议组织（TTi）以互动英语形式在线提供（www.testingtreatments.org/category/learning-resources）。TTi英语还整合了关键概念数据库和通过明智医疗选择（IHC）项目（informedhealthchoices.org）开发的声明评估工具。
我们创建了一个名为CARL的资源数据库，目前包含500多种各种格式的开放获取学习资源：文本、音频、视频、网页、卡通和课程材料。这些资源主要面向“中介”，即“教师”、“传播者”、“顾问”、“研究人员”以及独立“学习者”。目前可通过www.testingtreatments.org/category/learning-resources访问CARL中的资源。
我们希望能够方便地访问CARL将有助于促进对治疗说法的批判性思考，这对于帮助改善医疗保健选择是必要的。
