Rossi Giulio, Jocollé Genny, Conti Antonia, Tiseo Marcello, Zito Marino Federica, Donati Giovanni, Franco Renato, Bono Francesca, Barbisan Francesca, Facchinetti Francesco
Pathology Unit.
Oncology Unit, Azienda USL Valle d'Aosta, Regional Hospital "Parini", Aosta.
Lung Cancer (Auckl). 2017 Jul 7;8:45-55. doi: 10.2147/LCTT.S120172. eCollection 2017.
rearrangement characterizes a small subset (1%-2%) of non-small cell lung cancer and is associated with slight/never smoking patients and adenocarcinoma histology. Identification of rearrangement is mandatory to permit targeted therapy with specific inhibitors, demonstrating a significantly better survival when compared with conventional chemotherapy. Detection of rearrangement is based on in situ (immunohistochemistry, fluorescence in situ hybridization) and extractive non-in situ assays. While fluorescence in situ hybridization still represents the gold standard in clinical trials, this technique may fail to recognize rearrangements of with some gene fusion partner. On the other hand, immunohistochemistry is the most cost-effective screening technique, but it seems to be characterized by low specificity. Extractive molecular assays are expensive and laborious methods, but they specifically recognize almost all fusions using a limited amount of mRNA even from formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tumor tissues. This review is a discussion on the present and futuristic diagnostic scenario of identification in lung cancer.
重排是一小部分（1%-2%）非小细胞肺癌的特征，与轻度/从不吸烟者及腺癌组织学相关。识别重排对于使用特定抑制剂进行靶向治疗至关重要，与传统化疗相比，其生存期显著更长。重排的检测基于原位（免疫组织化学、荧光原位杂交）和非原位提取检测方法。虽然荧光原位杂交在临床试验中仍是金标准，但该技术可能无法识别某些基因融合伴侣的重排情况。另一方面，免疫组织化学是最具成本效益的筛查技术，但其特异性似乎较低。提取性分子检测方法昂贵且费力，但即使使用少量来自福尔马林固定、石蜡包埋肿瘤组织的mRNA，它们也能特异性识别几乎所有的融合情况。本综述是关于肺癌中识别的当前和未来诊断情况的讨论。
