健康文化、健康行为与健康相关结果之间的关联：一项横断面研究。
Associations between health culture, health behaviors, and health-related outcomes: A cross-sectional study.
作者信息
Jia Yingnan, Gao Junling, Dai Junming, Zheng Pinpin, Fu Hua
机构信息
School of Public Health, Key Lab of Public Health Safety of the Ministry of Education, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
Health Communication Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
出版信息
PLoS One. 2017 Jul 26;12(7):e0178644. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0178644. eCollection 2017.
BACKGROUND
To examine the associations between demographic characteristics, health behaviors, workplace health culture, and health-related outcomes in Chinese workplaces.
METHODS
A total of 1508 employees from 10 administrative offices and 6 enterprises were recruited for a cross-sectional survey. Self-administered questionnaires mainly addressed demographic characteristics, health behaviors, workplace health culture, and health-related outcomes including self-rated health, mental health, and happiness.
RESULTS
The proportion of participants who reported good health-related outcomes was significantly higher in those working in administrative offices than those working in enterprises. The result of the potential factors related to self-rated health (SRH), mental health, and happiness by logistic regression analyses showed that age and income were associated with SRH; type of workplace, age, smoking, and health culture at the workplace level were associated with mental health; and beneficial health effects of direct leadership was positively associated with happiness. Moreover, there were some similar results among 3 multivariate regression models. Firstly, good SRH (Odds Ratio (OR) = 1.744), mental health (OR = 1.891), and happiness (OR = 1.736) were more common among highly physically active participants compared with those physical inactive. Furthermore, passive smoking was negatively correlated with SRH (OR = 0.686), mental health (OR = 0.678), and happiness (OR = 0.616), while health culture at the individual level was positively correlated with SRH (OR = 1.478), mental health (OR = 1.654), and happiness (OR = 2.916).
CONCLUSIONS
The present study indicated that workplace health culture, health behaviors, and demographic characteristics were associated with health-related outcomes. Furthermore, individual health culture, physical activity, and passive smoking might play a critical role in workplace health promotion.
背景
探讨中国工作场所的人口统计学特征、健康行为、工作场所健康文化与健康相关结果之间的关联。
方法
对来自10个行政办公室和6家企业的1508名员工进行了横断面调查。自行填写的问卷主要涉及人口统计学特征、健康行为、工作场所健康文化以及包括自评健康、心理健康和幸福感在内的健康相关结果。
结果
行政办公室工作人员中报告良好健康相关结果的参与者比例显著高于企业工作人员。逻辑回归分析得出的与自评健康（SRH）、心理健康和幸福感相关的潜在因素结果显示，年龄和收入与SRH相关；工作场所类型、年龄、吸烟以及工作场所层面的健康文化与心理健康相关；直接领导的有益健康影响与幸福感呈正相关。此外，3个多元回归模型有一些相似结果。首先，与身体活动不活跃的参与者相比，身体活动高度活跃的参与者中良好的SRH（优势比（OR）=1.744）、心理健康（OR =1.891）和幸福感（OR =1.736）更为常见。此外，被动吸烟与SRH（OR =0.686）、心理健康（OR =0.678）和幸福感（OR =0.616）呈负相关，而个体层面的健康文化与SRH（OR =1.478）、心理健康（OR =1.654）和幸福感（OR =2.916）呈正相关。
结论
本研究表明，工作场所健康文化、健康行为和人口统计学特征与健康相关结果有关。此外，个体健康文化、身体活动和被动吸烟可能在工作场所健康促进中起关键作用。
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