Cologne Excellence Cluster for Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Joseph Stelzmann Strasse 26, 50931, Cologne, Germany.
Cell Mol Life Sci. 2018 Jan;75(2):275-290. doi: 10.1007/s00018-017-2602-1. Epub 2017 Jul 26.
Protein homeostasis, or proteostasis, is essential for cell function, development, and organismal viability. The composition of the proteome is adjusted to the specific requirements of a particular cell type and status. Moreover, multiple metabolic and environmental conditions challenge the integrity of the proteome. To maintain the quality of the proteome, the proteostasis network monitors proteins from their synthesis through their degradation. Whereas somatic stem cells lose their ability to maintain proteostasis with age, immortal pluripotent stem cells exhibit a stringent proteostasis network associated with their biological function and intrinsic characteristics. Moreover, growing evidence indicates that enhanced proteostasis mechanisms play a central role in immortality and cell fate decisions of pluripotent stem cells. Here, we will review new insights into the melding fields of proteostasis and pluripotency and their implications for the understanding of organismal development and survival.
蛋白质平衡，或蛋白质稳态，对细胞功能、发育和生物体的存活至关重要。蛋白质组的组成根据特定细胞类型和状态的具体要求进行调整。此外，多种代谢和环境条件挑战蛋白质组的完整性。为了维持蛋白质组的质量，蛋白质稳态网络从蛋白质的合成到降解对其进行监控。虽然体细胞干细胞随着年龄的增长而丧失维持蛋白质平衡的能力，但永生多能干细胞表现出与它们的生物学功能和内在特性相关的严格的蛋白质平衡网络。此外，越来越多的证据表明，增强的蛋白质平衡机制在多能干细胞的永生和细胞命运决定中起着核心作用。在这里，我们将回顾蛋白质平衡和多能性融合领域的新见解及其对理解机体发育和生存的意义。
