Koureas Michalis, Rachiotis George, Tsakalof Andreas, Hadjichristodoulou Christos
Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, 22 Papakyriazi Street, 41222 Larissa, Greece.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2017 Aug 1;14(8):865. doi: 10.3390/ijerph14080865.
: The aim of this study was to identify diseases linked with the pesticide sprayer occupation and explore possible associations with exposure history data. : Α cross sectional study was conducted among pesticide sprayers ( = 80) and the general population ( = 90) in Thessaly (Greece). Medical history, demographic characteristics and detailed exposure history were recorded by conducting personal interviews. Lifetime exposure indicators were calculated for several pesticide chemical subclasses. Moreover, organophosphate metabolite levels were quantified in urine samples of all participants by using gas chromatography -mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Multinomial analysis was used to determine associations between occupational pesticide exposure and diseases or disorders. : In the pesticide sprayers group, significantly higher frequencies for rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and allergic rhinitis were observed compared with the control group ( = 0.002 and = 0.024 respectively). Within the pesticide sprayers group, high lifetime pesticide exposure was associated with increased risk for reporting RA (OR: 43.07 95% CI: 3.09-600.67) and allergic rhinitis (OR: 9.72 95% CI: 2.31-40.89), compared with low pesticide exposure. Exposure to organophsphate, guanidine and quinone pesticides were associated with RA while organophosphates, pyrethroids and paraquat were associated with allergic rhinitis. Despite the higher levels of certain pesticide metabolites observed among participants with rheumatoid arthritis, the differences were not statistically significant. One metabolite (diethylthiophosphate) was found to be significantly increased in allergic rhinitis cases ( = 0.037). : The results from the current study suggest a possible association of occupational pesticide exposure with RA and allergic rhinitis that should be further investigated.
本研究的目的是确定与农药喷雾器职业相关的疾病，并探索与接触史数据的可能关联。在希腊色萨利地区，对80名农药喷雾器操作人员和90名普通人群进行了横断面研究。通过个人访谈记录病史、人口统计学特征和详细的接触史。计算了几种农药化学亚类的终生接触指标。此外，使用气相色谱-质谱联用仪（GC-MS）对所有参与者的尿液样本中的有机磷代谢物水平进行了定量分析。采用多项分析来确定职业性农药接触与疾病或病症之间的关联。在农药喷雾器操作人员组中，与对照组相比，类风湿性关节炎（RA）和过敏性鼻炎的发病率显著更高（分别为P = 0.002和P = 0.024）。在农药喷雾器操作人员组中，与低农药接触相比，高终生农药接触与报告RA（比值比：43.07，95%置信区间：3.09 - 600.67）和过敏性鼻炎（比值比：9.72，95%置信区间：2.31 - 40.89）的风险增加相关。接触有机磷、胍和醌类农药与RA相关，而有机磷、拟除虫菊酯和百草枯与过敏性鼻炎相关。尽管在类风湿性关节炎患者中观察到某些农药代谢物水平较高，但差异无统计学意义。在过敏性鼻炎病例中发现一种代谢物（二乙基硫代磷酸酯）显著增加（P = 0.037）。本研究结果表明职业性农药接触与RA和过敏性鼻炎之间可能存在关联，应进一步调查。
