Institute of Environmental Health, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
Institute of Labor, Occupational Safety and Health, Ministry of Labor, Sijhih,Taipei, Taiwan.
Indoor Air. 2018 Jan;28(1):173-180. doi: 10.1111/ina.12412. Epub 2017 Sep 5.
To improve indoor air quality and to protect public health, Taiwan has enacted the "Indoor Air Quality Act (IAQ Act)" in 2012. For the general public, the indoor air quality in hair salons is important because it is a popular location that people will often visit for hair treatments. However, only a few exposure assessments regarding air pollutants have previously been performed in hair salons. To assess the air quality of hairdressing environments in Taipei, ten hairdressing salons were included for a walk-through survey in this study. In addition, the airborne concentrations of formaldehyde, volatile organic compounds (VOCs), CO , and phthalate esters were also determined in 5 salons. Charcoal, XAD-2, and OVS-Tenax tubes were used for the air sampling, while the samples were analyzed with gas chromatography/mass spectrometer. It was found that the products used in hair salons contained various chemicals. In fact, from the walk-through survey, a total of 387 different ingredients were found on 129 hair product labels. The hair salons were not well ventilated, with CO levels of 600 to 3576 ppm. The formaldehyde concentrations determined in this study ranged from 12.40 to 1.04 × 10 μg m , and the maximum level was above the permissible exposure limit (PEL) of US Occupational Safety and Health Administration (US OSHA). Additionally, 83% of the samples were with levels higher than the standard regulated by Taiwan's IAQ Act. The concentrations of VOCs and phthalate esters were below the occupational exposure limits (OELs), but higher than what was found in general residential environments. The hair products were considered as the major source of air pollutants because significantly higher concentrations were found around the working areas. The number of perming treatments, the number of workers, and the frequency of using formaldehyde releasing products, were found to be associated with the levels of formaldehyde. This study indicates that efforts are needed to improve the indoor air quality in hairdressing salons in Taipei.
为了改善室内空气质量和保护公众健康，台湾于 2012 年颁布了《室内空气质量法案（IAQ 法案）》。对于公众来说，沙龙的室内空气质量很重要，因为这是人们经常光顾的热门场所。然而，以前只有少数关于空气中污染物的暴露评估在沙龙中进行过。为了评估台北美发环境的空气质量，本研究对 10 家美发沙龙进行了实地调查。此外，还在 5 家沙龙中测定了空气中的甲醛、挥发性有机化合物（VOCs）、CO 和邻苯二甲酸酯的浓度。使用活性炭、XAD-2 和 OVS-Tenax 管进行空气采样，然后用气相色谱/质谱仪对样品进行分析。结果发现，沙龙中使用的产品含有各种化学物质。事实上，从实地调查中，在 129 个头发产品标签上共发现 387 种不同的成分。沙龙通风不良，CO 浓度为 600 至 3576ppm。本研究测定的甲醛浓度范围为 12.40 至 1.04×10μg/m，最高水平超过美国职业安全与健康管理局（OSHA）的可接受暴露限值（PEL）。此外，83%的样品浓度高于台湾 IAQ 法案规定的标准。VOCs 和邻苯二甲酸酯的浓度低于职业接触限值（OEL），但高于一般居住环境中的浓度。头发产品被认为是空气污染物的主要来源，因为在工作区周围发现了浓度更高的空气污染物。烫发处理的次数、工人的数量以及使用释放甲醛的产品的频率与甲醛水平有关。本研究表明，需要努力改善台北沙龙的室内空气质量。
