Substrate Metabolism Laboratory, School of Kinesiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan.
Substrate Metabolism Laboratory, School of Kinesiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
J Appl Physiol (1985). 2017 Nov 1;123(5):1150-1159. doi: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00614.2017. Epub 2017 Aug 10.
Alterations in the inflammatory state, metabolic function, and structure of subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) can impact the development of insulin resistance in obesity. Exercise can improve metabolic health in obesity, but the effects of exercise on SAT are not well known. The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of acute exercise and habitual exercise training on mRNA expression of markers of lipid metabolism, inflammation, fibrosis, and hypoxia/angiogenesis in SAT, as well as adipocyte cell size. We recruited overweight-to-obese adults who exercised regularly (ACTIVE: = 8) or were sedentary (SED: = 12). The groups were well matched for age (27 ± 1 vs. 24 ± 2 yr), body mass index (29 ± 1 vs. 27 ± 1 kg/m), and body composition (30 ± 1 vs. 29 ± 1% body fat), but as expected, cardiorespiratory fitness was greater in ACTIVE vs. SED (V̇o: 51 ± 3 vs. 42 ± 1 ml·kg fat-free mass·min; = 0.01). Abdominal SAT biopsy samples were obtained before and 1 h after a single session of aerobic exercise (60 min at ~65% V̇o). The exercise session increased SAT mRNA expression of , an important regulator of angiogenic processes, in both groups. In addition, SAT from ACTIVE subjects had greater mRNA expression of the endothelial cell marker compared with SED, which may be a cumulative effect of the transient increases in with regular exercise. We also magnetically sorted CD14+ immune cells from SAT samples and found that expression was elevated in ACTIVE compared with SED. In conclusion, exercise initiates increases in factors related to angiogenic processes and may promote alterations in macrophage inflammation in SAT. Acute exercise in overweight/obese adults increased subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) mRNA expression of VEGFA, an important regulator of angiogenesis and capillary growth. In addition, subjects that regularly exercise had elevated SAT CD31 mRNA expression and elevated IL-6 mRNA in adipose tissue macrophages compared with nonexercisers. This study demonstrates that aerobic exercise may alter processes related to whole body metabolic outcomes in obesity, such as angiogenesis and immune response, in the SAT of overweight/obese adults.
炎症状态、代谢功能和皮下脂肪组织 (SAT) 的结构改变会影响肥胖患者胰岛素抵抗的发生。运动可以改善肥胖患者的代谢健康，但运动对 SAT 的影响尚不清楚。本研究旨在探讨急性运动和习惯性运动训练对 SAT 中脂质代谢、炎症、纤维化和缺氧/血管生成标志物以及脂肪细胞大小的 mRNA 表达的影响。我们招募了经常运动的超重/肥胖成年人（ACTIVE：n=8）或久坐不动的成年人（SED：n=12）。两组在年龄（27±1 岁比 24±2 岁）、体重指数（29±1 千克/平方米比 27±1 千克/平方米）和身体成分（30±1 比 29±1%体脂）方面匹配良好，但正如预期的那样，ACTIVE 组的心肺功能明显优于 SED 组（V̇o：51±3 毫升/千克去脂体重/分钟比 42±1 毫升/千克去脂体重/分钟；p=0.01）。在单次有氧运动（60 分钟，约 65% V̇o）后 1 小时，我们从腹部 SAT 活检样本中获得了样本。运动课程增加了两组 SAT 中血管内皮生长因子 A（VEGFA）的 mRNA 表达，VEGFA 是血管生成过程的重要调节因子。此外，与 SED 相比，ACTIVE 组的 SAT 中内皮细胞标志物 CD31 的 mRNA 表达更高，这可能是由于定期运动导致内皮细胞中 VEGFA 短暂增加的累积效应。我们还从 SAT 样本中分离出 CD14+免疫细胞，并发现 ACTIVE 组的 表达高于 SED 组。总之，运动可引发与血管生成过程相关的因子增加，并可能促进 SAT 中巨噬细胞炎症的改变。超重/肥胖成年人的急性运动增加了皮下脂肪组织 (SAT) 中血管内皮生长因子 A (VEGFA) 的 mRNA 表达，VEGFA 是血管生成和毛细血管生长的重要调节因子。此外，与非运动者相比，经常运动的受试者的 SAT CD31 mRNA 表达增加，脂肪组织巨噬细胞中的白细胞介素-6 (IL-6) mRNA 表达增加。本研究表明，有氧运动可能会改变超重/肥胖成年人 SAT 中与全身代谢结果相关的过程，如血管生成和免疫反应。
