Daatland Svein Olav, Veenstra Marijke, Lima Ivar A
Norwegian Social Research (NOVA), P.O. Box 3223, Elisenberg, 0208 Oslo, Norway.
Eur J Ageing. 2010 Sep 21;7(4):271-281. doi: 10.1007/s10433-010-0163-3. eCollection 2010 Dec.
Population ageing changes profoundly the current balance between generations. Governments are responding with policies to promote later retirement and family care, but these ideals may come in conflict in mid-life when family obligations can be hard to reconcile with employment. Yet we know little about the prevalence of being "sandwiched", and even less about the consequences. This article maps out the prevalence of different forms of family and work sandwiching for the Norwegian population, and explores adaptive strategies and psycho-social outcomes. The analyses are based on data from the NorLAG and LOGG studies ( = 15 109, age 18-84). Preliminary findings indicate that 75-80% of the population are located in-between younger and older family generations in mid-life, the great majority are at the same time in paid work, but comparatively few (8-9% aged 35-45) have both children and parents in need at the same time, and fewer still (3%) are then also caregivers to older parents. Although few in proportion of their age group, they add up to a considerable number of persons. Women are more likely to reduce work in response to family needs than men. Implications of family and work sandwiching for health and well-being are analysed.
人口老龄化深刻改变了当前代际之间的平衡。各国政府正在出台政策以促进延迟退休和家庭照料，但这些理想情况在中年时可能会产生冲突，因为此时家庭责任可能难以与工作相协调。然而，我们对处于“夹心层”状态的普遍程度知之甚少，对其后果更是了解不足。本文梳理了挪威人口中不同形式的家庭与工作夹心状态的普遍程度，并探讨了适应性策略和心理社会结果。分析基于挪威纵向老龄化研究（NorLAG）和生活状况调查（LOGG）的数据（样本量n = 15109，年龄18 - 84岁）。初步研究结果表明，75% - 80%的人口在中年时处于年轻和年长的家庭代际之间，绝大多数人同时有带薪工作，但相对较少（35 - 45岁年龄段中为8% - 9%）的人同时需要照顾孩子和父母，更少的人（3%）在此期间还需要照料年迈的父母。尽管在其年龄组中占比不大，但加起来人数相当可观。女性比男性更有可能因家庭需求而减少工作。本文还分析了家庭与工作夹心状态对健康和幸福的影响。
