Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Developmental Toxicology, and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Immunopathology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, 515041, China.
Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, 515041, China.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2017 Oct;24(28):22535-22546. doi: 10.1007/s11356-017-9914-4. Epub 2017 Aug 13.
The relationship between asthma and temperature changes remains controversial. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between temperature changes and the risk of asthma. A total of 26 studies (combined total number of subjects N > 26 million), covering 13 countries and Costa Rica, were identified by using a series of keywords in different combinations and searching the papers in PubMed, EMBSEA, Web of Science, MEDLINE, AIM, LILACS, and WPRIM before February 2016. Most of the papers were published in English. Random-effects meta-analyses were performed to evaluate the effect of temperature drop on risk of asthma. Several secondary analyses were also calculated based on stratification for different age, season, latitude, and region on risk of asthma. The odds ratio (OR) estimate between temperature drop and asthma was 1.05 (95% CI 1.02, 1.08) in the meta-analysis. For children, the overall OR was 1.09 (95% CI 1.03, 1.15). Dose-effect analyses showed stronger associations in asthma risk for each 1°1 °C decrement in short-term temperature (OR 1.055, 95% CI 1.00, 1.11). Further stratifications showed that winter (OR 1.03, 95% CI 1.01, 105) and low latitude (OR 1.72, 95% CI 1.23, 2.41) have a statistically significant association with the increased risk of asthma. Exposure of people to short-term temperature drop (per 1 °C decrement) was significantly associated with the risk of lower respiratory tract infections (LRTI) with asthma (OR 1.02, 95% CI 1.00, 1.04). Results suggest an adverse effect of temperature drop on asthma risk, especially in children and low-latitude areas. It may be opportune to consider the preventive actions against temperature drop, including simple face masks, to decrease the risk of asthma.
哮喘与温度变化之间的关系仍存在争议。本研究旨在探讨温度变化与哮喘风险之间的关联。通过使用一系列关键词的不同组合并在 PubMed、EMBASE、Web of Science、MEDLINE、AIM、LILACS 和 WPRIM 中搜索论文，于 2016 年 2 月前确定了 26 项研究（总合并研究对象数 N>2600 万），涵盖了 13 个国家和哥斯达黎加。大多数论文均以英文发表。采用随机效应荟萃分析评估温度下降对哮喘风险的影响。还根据不同年龄、季节、纬度和地区对哮喘风险进行了分层，并进行了几项二次分析。荟萃分析中温度下降与哮喘之间的比值比（OR）估计值为 1.05（95%CI 1.02，1.08）。对于儿童，总体 OR 为 1.09（95%CI 1.03，1.15）。剂量-效应分析显示，短期温度每降低 1°C，哮喘风险的相关性更强（OR 1.055，95%CI 1.00，1.11）。进一步分层表明，冬季（OR 1.03，95%CI 1.01，105）和低纬度（OR 1.72，95%CI 1.23，2.41）与哮喘风险增加具有统计学显著关联。暴露于短期温度下降（每降低 1°C）与哮喘下呼吸道感染（LRTI）的风险显著相关（OR 1.02，95%CI 1.00，1.04）。结果表明，温度下降对哮喘风险有不利影响，尤其是在儿童和低纬度地区。考虑采取针对温度下降的预防措施（包括简单的面罩）以降低哮喘风险可能是恰当的。
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