Caspi Caitlin E, Pelletier Jennifer E, Harnack Lisa J, Erickson Darin J, Lenk Kathleen, Laska Melissa N
Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA.
Office of Statewide Health Improvement Initiatives, Minnesota Department of Health, St Paul, MN 55164, USA.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2017 Aug 15;14(8):915. doi: 10.3390/ijerph14080915.
Prices affect food purchase decisions, particularly in lower-income communities, where access to a range of food retailers (including supermarkets) is limited. The aim of this study was to examine differences in staple food pricing between small urban food stores and the closest supermarkets, as well as whether pricing differentials varied based on proximity between small stores and larger retailers. In 2014, prices were measured for 15 staple foods during store visits in 140 smaller stores (corner stores, gas-marts, dollar stores, and pharmacies) in Minneapolis/St. Paul, MN and their closest supermarket. Mixed models controlling for store type were used to estimate the average price differential between: (a) smaller stores and supermarkets; (b) isolated smaller stores (>1 mile to closest supermarket) and non-isolated smaller stores; and (c) isolated smaller stores inside versus outside USDA-identified food deserts. On average, all items except white bread were 10-54% more expensive in smaller stores than in supermarkets ( < 0.001). Prices were generally not significantly different in isolated stores compared with non-isolated stores for most items. Among isolated stores, there were no price differences inside versus outside food deserts. We conclude that smaller food stores have higher prices for most staple foods compared to their closest supermarket, regardless of proximity. More research is needed to examine staple food prices in different retail spaces.
价格会影响食品购买决策，在低收入社区尤其如此，因为在这些社区，人们接触各类食品零售商（包括超市）的机会有限。本研究的目的是考察城市小型食品店与最近超市之间主食价格的差异，以及价格差异是否因小型商店与大型零售商之间的距离不同而有所变化。2014年，在明尼阿波利斯/圣保罗市及明尼苏达州的140家小型商店（街角商店、加油站便利店、一元店和药店）及其最近的超市进行店铺走访时，对15种主食的价格进行了测量。使用控制商店类型的混合模型来估计以下几组之间的平均价格差异：（a）小型商店与超市；（b）孤立的小型商店（距离最近超市超过1英里）与非孤立的小型商店；（c）美国农业部认定的食品沙漠地区内与外的孤立小型商店。平均而言，除白面包外，所有商品在小型商店的价格都比超市高出10%-54%（<0.001）。对于大多数商品，孤立商店的价格与非孤立商店的价格通常没有显著差异。在孤立商店中，食品沙漠地区内与外的价格没有差异。我们得出结论，与最近的超市相比，小型食品店大多数主食的价格更高，且与距离无关。需要更多研究来考察不同零售场所的主食价格。
