NNEdPro Global Centre for Nutrition and Health, St John's Innovation Centre, Cambridge CB4 0WS, UK.
Integrated Cancer Registry of Catania-Messina-Siracusa-Enna, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Policlinico-Vittorio Emanuele, 95123 Catania, Italy.
Nutrients. 2017 Aug 17;9(8):890. doi: 10.3390/nu9080890.
To perform a dose-response meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies investigating the association between long-term coffee intake and risk of hypertension.
An online systematic search of studies published up to November 2016 was performed. Linear and non-linear dose-response meta-analyses were conducted; potential evidence of heterogeneity, publication bias, and confounding effect of selected variables were investigated through sensitivity and meta-regression analyses.
Seven cohorts including 205,349 individuals and 44,120 cases of hypertension were included. In the non-linear analysis, there was a 9% significant decreased risk of hypertension per seven cups of coffee a day, while, in the linear dose-response association, there was a 1% decreased risk of hypertension for each additional cup of coffee per day. Among subgroups, there were significant inverse associations for females, caffeinated coffee, and studies conducted in the US with longer follow-up. Analysis of potential confounders revealed that smoking-related variables weakened the strength of association between coffee consumption and risk of hypertension.
Increased coffee consumption is associated with a modest decrease in risk of hypertension in prospective cohort studies. Smoking status is a potential effect modifier on the association between coffee consumption and risk of hypertension.
对前瞻性队列研究进行剂量反应荟萃分析，以调查长期咖啡摄入量与高血压风险之间的关联。
对截至 2016 年 11 月发表的研究进行在线系统检索。进行线性和非线性剂量反应荟萃分析；通过敏感性和荟萃回归分析研究潜在的异质性、发表偏倚和选定变量的混杂效应。
纳入了 7 项队列研究，共包括 205349 名参与者和 44120 例高血压病例。在非线性分析中，每天饮用 7 杯咖啡可显著降低 9%的高血压风险，而在线性剂量反应关联中，每天多饮用一杯咖啡可降低 1%的高血压风险。在亚组分析中，女性、含咖啡因的咖啡以及在美国进行的随访时间较长的研究中存在显著的反比关系。对潜在混杂因素的分析表明，与吸烟有关的变量削弱了咖啡摄入量与高血压风险之间的关联强度。
前瞻性队列研究表明，增加咖啡的摄入量与降低高血压风险适度相关。吸烟状况是咖啡摄入量与高血压风险之间关联的潜在效应修饰因子。
