Department of Pediatrics, Obstetrics & Gynecology and Preventive Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain.
Pediatric Clinic, Department of Surgical and Biomedical Sciences, Università degli Studi di Perugia, Perugia, Italy.
Vaccine. 2018 Aug 28;36(36):5379-5384. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2017.08.017. Epub 2017 Aug 17.
Vaccination during pregnancy is increasingly being recognised internationally a useful means of preventing illness in pregnant women and their newborns. It has been used since the 1960s, when it was found that tetanus vaccine was highly effective in preventing neonatal tetanus, but interest has greatly increased over the last few years. As new data become available showing the numerous benefits of maternal immunisation and its potential for improving maternal and neonatal health in relation to a number of infectious conditions, it is being increasingly incorporated into the national vaccination programmes around the world. However, the development of new vaccines, the existence of clinical trials testing the efficacy of vaccinating pregnant women in order to protect newborns against respiratory syncytial virus and group B Streptococcus infections, and the fact that the uptake of influenza and pertussis vaccines during pregnancy is lower than expected in developed countries is making it increasingly clear that existing maternal vaccination programmes need to be strengthened. This reviews addresses the importance of integrating maternal immunisation and standard obstetrical care in order to promote vaccination administration by maternal care providers (MCPs) because the vaccination goals for pregnant women cannot be achieved without appropriate training and extending the role of MCPs as vaccinators. In order to make meaningful progress, it is necessary to develop and refine targeted messages for pregnant women concerning the benefits of maternal immunisation for themselves and their infants.
孕期接种疫苗在国际上越来越被认为是预防孕妇及其新生儿疾病的有效手段。自 20 世纪 60 年代以来，破伤风疫苗被发现对预防新生儿破伤风非常有效，此后人们对孕期接种疫苗的兴趣大大增加。随着新的数据显示出母婴免疫的众多益处及其在预防多种传染病方面改善母婴健康的潜力，它越来越多地被纳入全球各国的国家免疫规划中。然而，新疫苗的开发、为了保护新生儿免受呼吸道合胞病毒和 B 组链球菌感染而对孕妇进行疫苗有效性试验的临床试验，以及发达国家孕妇对流感和百日咳疫苗的接种率低于预期的事实，都越来越清楚地表明，现有的母婴免疫规划需要加强。本综述探讨了将母婴免疫与标准产科护理相结合的重要性，以促进母婴保健提供者（MCP）进行疫苗接种，因为如果没有适当的培训和扩大 MCP 作为疫苗接种者的角色，孕妇的疫苗接种目标就无法实现。为了取得有意义的进展，有必要为孕妇制定和完善有针对性的信息，说明母婴免疫对她们自己和婴儿的益处。
