Giles Michelle L, Krishnaswamy Sushena, Wallace Euan M
Ritchie Centre, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
Monash Infectious Diseases, Monash Health, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
F1000Res. 2018 Nov 1;7. doi: 10.12688/f1000research.15475.1. eCollection 2018.
The vaccination of pregnant women has enormous potential to protect not only mothers from vaccine-preventable diseases but also their infants through the passive acquisition of protective antibodies before they are able to themselves acquire protection through active childhood immunisations. Maternal tetanus programmes have been in place since 1989, and as of March 2018, only 14 countries in the world were still to reach maternal neonatal tetanus elimination status. This has saved hundreds of thousands of lives. Building on this success, influenza- and pertussis-containing vaccines have been recommended for pregnant women and introduced into immunisation programmes, albeit predominantly in resource-rich settings. These have highlighted some important challenges when additional immunisations are introduced into the antenatal context. With new vaccine candidates, such as respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and group B streptococcus (GBS), on the horizon, it is important that we learn from these experiences, identify the information gaps, and close these to ensure safe and successful implementation of maternal vaccines in the future, particularly in low- and middle-income countries with a high burden of disease.
孕妇接种疫苗不仅有巨大潜力保护母亲免受疫苗可预防疾病的侵害，还能通过在婴儿能够通过儿童期主动免疫获得自身保护之前被动获得保护性抗体来保护婴儿。自1989年以来一直实施孕产妇破伤风项目，截至2018年3月，世界上只有14个国家仍未实现消除孕产妇和新生儿破伤风的目标。这挽救了数十万人的生命。基于这一成功经验，含流感和百日咳的疫苗已被推荐给孕妇并纳入免疫规划，尽管主要是在资源丰富的地区。在产前环境中引入额外免疫时，这些疫苗凸显了一些重要挑战。随着呼吸道合胞病毒（RSV）和B族链球菌（GBS）等新候选疫苗即将出现，我们必须从这些经验中吸取教训，找出信息差距并加以弥补，以确保未来孕产妇疫苗的安全和成功实施，特别是在疾病负担较重的低收入和中等收入国家。
