Korfmacher Ann-Kathrin, Hirsch Oliver, Chavanon Mira-Lynn, Albrecht Björn, Christiansen Hanna
Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology, Department of Psychology, Philipps-University Marburg, Marburg, Germany.
Department of Psychology, FOM University of Applied Sciences, Siegen, Germany.
Front Psychiatry. 2022 Aug 18;13:969351. doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.969351. eCollection 2022.
Neurofeedback (NF) and self-management training (SMT) may be viable treatment options for patients with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) if they alleviate core symptoms, enhance the patients' self-concept and improve their quality of life (QoL). Aim of the current study is evaluating both interventions accordingly and to test whether specific improvements in core symptoms lead to more general improvements in self-concept and QoL.
In a psychotherapeutic outpatient clinic in Germany, a total of = 139 children with ADHD were screened for eligibility, of which 111 fulfilled inclusion criteria and participated in the study in accordance with the CONSORT 2010 statement. These were randomly assigned to NF vs. SMT interventions. Changes from pre- to post-intervention in core ADHD symptoms relying on parent and teacher reports (CONNERS 3) and objective tests (Qb-Test) as well as self-concept (interview with the children) and QoL assessments (using the KINDL-R self-report) were compared between patients receiving NF or SMT.
Significant improvements in ADHD symptoms were achieved similarly in both treatment groups, whilst QoL and self-concept improved after SMT only.
This treatment study provides further evidence that SMT and NF may reduce core symptoms, but SMT may also improve patients' self-concept and QoL and may thus in its current form be the favorable treatment option in naturalistic settings. However, several limitations of the current study implicate that further research is required before definitive conclusions and recommendations for clinical practice can be given.
[www.clinicaltrials.gov], identifier [NCT01879644].
如果神经反馈（NF）和自我管理训练（SMT）能缓解注意缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）患者的核心症状、增强患者的自我概念并改善其生活质量（QoL），那么它们可能是可行的治疗选择。本研究的目的是相应地评估这两种干预措施，并测试核心症状的特定改善是否会导致自我概念和生活质量更普遍的改善。
在德国的一家心理治疗门诊诊所，共筛选了139名患有ADHD的儿童以确定其是否符合条件，其中111名符合纳入标准，并根据CONSORT 2010声明参与了研究。这些儿童被随机分配到NF或SMT干预组。比较接受NF或SMT治疗的患者在干预前后核心ADHD症状的变化，这些症状依据家长和教师报告（Conners 3）、客观测试（Qb测试）以及自我概念（与儿童面谈）和生活质量评估（使用KINDL-R自评量表）。
两个治疗组在ADHD症状方面均取得了显著改善，而生活质量和自我概念仅在接受SMT后有所改善。
这项治疗研究进一步证明，SMT和NF可能会减轻核心症状，但SMT还可能改善患者的自我概念和生活质量，因此就目前形式而言，在自然环境中它可能是更有利的治疗选择。然而，本研究存在若干局限性，这意味着在得出明确结论并为临床实践提供建议之前，还需要进一步研究。
[www.clinicaltrials.gov]，标识符 [NCT01879644]。
