College of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University, No. 4, the North Road, Shihezi, Xinjiang, 832002, People's Republic of China.
State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No. 2, Yuan Ming Yuan West Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100193, People's Republic of China.
Biol Trace Elem Res. 2018 May;183(1):92-101. doi: 10.1007/s12011-017-1116-x. Epub 2017 Aug 19.
The object of this study is to analyze the levels of seven toxic elements residues in raw bovine milk in China and assess the potential health risk of those residues. The 178 raw bovine milk samples were collected from eight main milk-producing provinces and from three types of milk stations in China, and were analyzed for arsenic (As), lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), chromium (Cr), mercury (Hg), aluminum (Al), and nickel (Ni) using inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Al, Pb, Hg, Ni, Cr, and As were detected in 47.8, 29.2, 28.1, 23.6, 12.4, and 9.0% of total milk samples, respectively, and Cd were not detected in all samples. The raw bovine milk samples with high levels of toxic elements were found in industrial areas, such as Heilongjiang and Shanxi. Nemerow pollution index analysis showed that the levels were lower in the samples from the processing plants than that from the large-scale farms and small farm cooperatives. The margin of exposure (MOE) values suggest that the levels of As, Pb, Hg, Cr, Al, and Ni in the raw milk samples are not causing a health risk for Chinese consumers, including adults and children. Nevertheless, the risk of Pb for infant and young children was more serious than adult.
本研究旨在分析中国生牛乳中 7 种有毒元素残留水平，并评估这些残留的潜在健康风险。采集了来自中国 8 个主要产奶省和 3 种类型奶站的 178 份生牛乳样品，采用电感耦合等离子体质谱法（ICP-MS）分析砷（As）、铅（Pb）、镉（Cd）、铬（Cr）、汞（Hg）、铝（Al）和镍（Ni）。47.8%、29.2%、28.1%、23.6%、12.4%和 9.0%的总奶样中分别检测到 Al、Pb、Hg、Ni、Cr 和 As，而所有样品中均未检测到 Cd。在黑龙江和山西等工业地区发现了有毒元素含量较高的生牛乳样品。内梅罗污染指数分析表明，加工厂的样品中有毒元素水平低于大型农场和小农场合作社的样品。暴露边际（MOE）值表明，生牛乳样品中 As、Pb、Hg、Cr、Al 和 Ni 的水平不会对中国消费者（包括成人和儿童）造成健康风险。然而，婴儿和幼儿的 Pb 风险比成人更严重。
