Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand.
Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand.
J Environ Public Health. 2022 Feb 28;2022:3062215. doi: 10.1155/2022/3062215. eCollection 2022.
Several consequences of health effects from municipal solid waste caused by carcinogenic and noncarcinogenic metals have been recognized. The water quality index (WQI) in the groundwater around this landfill is 2945.58, which is unacceptable for consumption. The contaminated groundwater mainly appears within a 1 km radius around the landfill. The metal pollution levels in the soil in descending order were Cu > Cd > Zn=Cr > Pb > Ni. The pollution degree (ER) of Cd was 2898.88, and the potential ecological risk index (RI) was 2945.58, indicating that the risk level was very high. Surprisingly, the hazard index (HI) of Pb (2.05) and Fe (1.59) in children was higher than 1. This indicated that the chronic risk and cancer risk caused by Pb and Fe for children were at a medium level. Carcinogenic risk by oral (CR oral) consumption of Ni, Cd, and Cr in children was 1.4 - 04, 2.5 - 04, and 1.8 - 04, respectively, while the lifetime carcinogenic risk (LCR) of Ni, Cd, and Cr in children was 1.5 - 04, 2.8 - 04, and 2.0 - 04, respectively. In adults, CR oral of Ni and Cr were 1.6 - 03 and 3.0 - 04, respectively, while LCR of Ni and Cr were 1.6 - 03 and 3.4 - 04, respectively, which exceeded the carcinogenic risks limits. Our study indicated a lifetime carcinogenic risk to humans. Environmental surveillance should focus on reducing health risks such as continuous monitoring of the groundwater, soil, and leachate treatment process.
已经认识到由致癌和非致癌金属引起的城市固体废物对健康的影响的一些后果。该垃圾填埋场周围地下水的水质指数（WQI）为 2945.58，不能用于消费。受污染的地下水主要出现在垃圾填埋场周围 1 公里半径范围内。土壤中金属污染水平按降序排列为 Cu > Cd > Zn = Cr > Pb > Ni。Cd 的污染程度（ER）为 2898.88，潜在生态风险指数（RI）为 2945.58，表明风险水平很高。令人惊讶的是，儿童体内 Pb（2.05）和 Fe（1.59）的危害指数（HI）都高于 1。这表明 Pb 和 Fe 对儿童的慢性风险和癌症风险处于中等水平。儿童经口（CR oral）摄入 Ni、Cd 和 Cr 的致癌风险分别为 1.4-04、2.5-04 和 1.8-04，而 Ni、Cd 和 Cr 的终生致癌风险（LCR）分别为 1.5-04、2.8-04 和 2.0-04。在成年人中，Ni 和 Cr 的 CR oral 分别为 1.6-03 和 3.0-04，而 Ni 和 Cr 的 LCR 分别为 1.6-03 和 3.4-04，均超过了致癌风险限制。我们的研究表明对人类存在终生致癌风险。环境监测应侧重于降低健康风险，例如对地下水、土壤和渗滤液处理过程进行持续监测。
