González-Badillo Juan José, Jiménez-Reyes Pedro, Ramírez-Lechuga Jorge
Department of Sport, University of Pablo de Olavide, Seville, Spain.
Department of Physical Activity and Sports Science, Catholic University of San Antonio, MurciaSpain.
J Hum Kinet. 2017 Aug 1;58:15-22. doi: 10.1515/hukin-2017-0067. eCollection 2017 Sep.
The aim of this study was to assess the relationship between strength variables and maximum velocity (Vmax) in the squat jump (SJ) in sprinting and jumping athletes. Thirty-two sprinting and jumping athletes of national level (25.4 ± 4.5 years; 79.4 ± 6.9 kg and 180.4 ± 6.0 cm) participated in the study. Vmax in the SJ showed significant relationships with peak force 1 (PF1) (r = 0.82, p ≤ 0.001), peak force 2 (PF2) (r = 0.68, p ≤ 0.001), PF2 by controlling for PF1 (r = 0.30, non-significant), the maximum rate of force development at peak force 1 (RFDmax1) (r = 0.62, p ≤ 0.001), mean RFD 1 (RFDmean1) (r = 0.48, p ≤ 0.01), mean RFD 2 (RFDmean2) (r = 0.70, p ≤ 0.001), force at RFDmax1 (r = 0.36, p ≤ 0.05), force at RFDmax2 (r = 0.83, p ≤ 0.001) and force at RFDmax2 by controlling for PF1 (r = 0.40, p ≤ 0.05). However, Vmax in the SJ was associated negatively with the ratio PF2/PF1 (r = -0.54, p ≤ 0.01), time at peak force 2 (Tp2) (r = -0.64, p ≤ 0.001) and maximum rate of force development at peak force 2 (RFDmax2) (r = -0.71, p ≤ 0.001). These findings indicate that the peak force achieved at the beginning of the movement (PF1) is the main predictor of performance in jumping, although the RFDmax values and the ratio PF2/PF1 are also variables to be taken into account when analyzing the determinant factors of vertical jumping.
本研究的目的是评估短跑和跳跃运动员深蹲跳（SJ）中的力量变量与最大速度（Vmax）之间的关系。32名国家级短跑和跳跃运动员（年龄25.4±4.5岁；体重79.4±6.9千克，身高180.4±6.0厘米）参与了本研究。SJ中的Vmax与峰值力1（PF1）（r = 0.82，p≤0.001）、峰值力2（PF2）（r = 0.68，p≤0.001）、控制PF1后的PF2（r = 0.30，无显著性）、峰值力1时的最大力发展速率（RFDmax1）（r = 0.62，p≤0.001）、平均RFD 1（RFDmean1）（r = 0.48，p≤0.01）、平均RFD 2（RFDmean2）（r = 0.70，p≤0.001）、RFDmax1时的力（r = 0.36，p≤0.05）、RFDmax2时的力（r = 0.83，p≤0.001）以及控制PF1后的RFDmax2时的力（r = 0.40，p≤0.05）呈显著关系。然而，SJ中的Vmax与PF2/PF1比值（r = -0.54，p≤0.01）、峰值力2时的时间（Tp2）（r = -0.64，p≤0.001）以及峰值力2时的最大力发展速率（RFDmax2）（r = -0.71，p≤0.001）呈负相关。这些发现表明，运动开始时达到的峰值力（PF1）是跳跃表现的主要预测指标，尽管在分析垂直跳跃的决定因素时，RFDmax值和PF2/PF1比值也是需要考虑的变量。
