脊椎动物心血管系统中中央分流器的比较模型分析。

Comparative model analysis of central shunts in vertebrate cardiovascular systems.

作者信息

Tazawa H, Johansen K

出版信息

Comp Biochem Physiol A Comp Physiol. 1987;86(4):595-607. doi: 10.1016/0300-9629(87)90609-8.

Abstract

The incomplete double circulation of air-breathing fishes and lungfishes, amphibians, reptiles and embryonic birds and mammals has been analyzed using a simplified mode comprising the intra- and extracardiac shunts and compartments for the gas exchange (gills, lungs, skin, etc.) as well as systemic tissue gas exchange. The intracardiac shunting is defined and given common symbols for all species of animals analyzed. Two types of equations, fluid-flow and mass-flow equations, are derived for each model, which are solved to give shunting rate as a function of blood O2 content of the principal cardiac compartments and vessels. The model analysis not only offers possibility for an overall average evaluation of central shunts, but also suggests which blood samples must be determined for evaluation of the shunt patterns.

摘要

已使用一种简化模型对空气呼吸鱼类、肺鱼、两栖动物、爬行动物以及胚胎期鸟类和哺乳动物的不完全双循环进行了分析，该模型包括心脏内和心脏外分流以及用于气体交换（鳃、肺、皮肤等）的腔室以及全身组织气体交换。对心脏内分流进行了定义，并为所有分析的动物物种给出了通用符号。为每个模型推导了两种类型的方程，即流体流动方程和质量流动方程，求解这些方程可得出分流率与主要心脏腔室和血管中血液氧气含量的函数关系。该模型分析不仅为中央分流的总体平均评估提供了可能性，还指出了为评估分流模式必须测定哪些血液样本。