a Department of Psychology , University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign , Champaign , IL , USA.
b Duval County Health Department , Florida Health Department , Jacksonville , FL , USA.
Health Psychol Rev. 2018 Mar;12(1):1-24. doi: 10.1080/17437199.2017.1369140. Epub 2017 Sep 22.
This meta-analysis examined theoretical predictions about the effects of different combinations of action (e.g., start an exercise regime) and of inaction (e.g., reduce screen time, rest in between weight lifting series) recommendations in smoking, diet, and physical activity multiple-domain interventions. The synthesis included 150 research reports of interventions promoting multiple behaviour domain change and measuring change at the most immediate follow-up. The main outcome measure was an indicator of overall change that combined behavioural and clinical effects. There were two main findings. First, as predicted, interventions produced the highest level of change when they included a predominance of recommendations along one behavioural dimension (i.e., predominantly inaction or predominantly action). Unexpectedly, within interventions with predominant action or inaction recommendations, those including predominantly inaction recommendations had greater efficacy than those including predominantly action recommendations. This effect, however, was limited to interventions in the diet and exercise domains, but reversed (greater efficacy for interventions with predominant action vs. inaction recommendations) in the smoking domain. These findings provide important insights on how to best combine recommendations when interventions target clusters of health behaviours.
这项荟萃分析检验了关于不同行动组合（例如，开始锻炼计划）和不作为（例如，减少屏幕时间，在举重系列之间休息）建议对吸烟、饮食和身体活动多领域干预效果的理论预测。综合分析包括 150 项促进多个行为领域变化的干预研究报告，并在最直接的随访中测量变化。主要结果指标是一个综合行为和临床效果的整体变化指标。有两个主要发现。首先，正如预测的那样，当干预措施主要包括一个行为维度的建议时（即，主要是不作为或主要是行动），干预措施产生的变化最大。出乎意料的是，在以行动或不作为建议为主的干预措施中，那些包含主要不作为建议的干预措施比那些包含主要行动建议的干预措施更有效。然而，这种效果仅限于饮食和运动领域的干预措施，而在吸烟领域则相反（以行动为主的干预措施比不作为建议更有效）。这些发现为如何在干预措施针对健康行为群集时最好地组合建议提供了重要的见解。
