Lu Mengqing, Xiao Hailong, Li Kelei, Jiang Jiajing, Wu Kejian, Li Duo
Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
Food Funct. 2017 Sep 20;8(9):3306-3310. doi: 10.1039/c7fo00324b.
The aim of the present study was to determine the concentrations of estradiol (E2), estriol (E3) and progesterone in breast milk over different lactation periods, and to assess their relationship with the mother's diet. Ninety-six breast milk samples as well as 24-hour dietary records from 32 lactating mothers were collected on day 1 (colostrum), day 14 (transitional milk) and day 42 (mature milk) after delivery in Hangzhou, China. The concentrations of E2, E3 and progesterone differed significantly through different periods of lactation (p < 0.001). The content of E2 in colostrum, transitional milk and mature milk was 1.60 ± 0.96 μg L, 0.83 ± 0.36 μg L and 1.26 ± 0.48 μg L, respectively. The concentrations of E3 were 2.09 ± 1.66 μg L, 2.23 ± 1.74 μg L and 4.64 ± 2.15 μg L, respectively. The concentrations of progesterone were 6.10 ± 8.30 μg L, 4.25 ± 4.76 μg L and 1.70 ± 2.42 μg L, respectively. The concentration of progesterone in breast milk was significantly negatively correlated with the intake of protein (p = 0.015), fat (p = 0.008), vegetables (p = 0.012), and meat and eggs (p = 0.036), while the concentration of E3 was significantly positively correlated with the intake of soy products (p = 0.025). This information indicates that the concentrations of E2, E3 and progesterone in breast milk varied over the lactating period. Dietary intake will to some extent affect the contents of E3 and progesterone in breast milk.
本研究的目的是测定不同哺乳期母乳中雌二醇（E2）、雌三醇（E3）和孕酮的浓度，并评估它们与母亲饮食的关系。在中国杭州，收集了96份母乳样本以及32名哺乳期母亲的24小时饮食记录，分别在产后第1天（初乳）、第14天（过渡乳）和第42天（成熟乳）进行。E2、E3和孕酮的浓度在不同哺乳期存在显著差异（p < 0.001）。初乳、过渡乳和成熟乳中E2的含量分别为1.60±0.96μg/L、0.83±0.36μg/L和1.26±0.48μg/L。E3的浓度分别为2.09±1.66μg/L、2.23±1.74μg/L和4.64±2.15μg/L。孕酮的浓度分别为6.10±8.30μg/L、4.25±4.76μg/L和1.70±2.42μg/L。母乳中孕酮的浓度与蛋白质摄入量（p = 0.015）、脂肪摄入量（p = 0.008）、蔬菜摄入量（p = 0.012）以及肉蛋类摄入量（p = 0.036）呈显著负相关，而E3的浓度与豆制品摄入量呈显著正相关（p = 0.025）。这些信息表明，母乳中E2、E3和孕酮的浓度在哺乳期会发生变化。饮食摄入在一定程度上会影响母乳中E3和孕酮的含量。
