Alderman Harold, Behrman Jere R, Puett Chloe
Senior research fellow at the International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI), Washington, DC, USA.
Professor of Economics and Sociology and Research Associate of the Population Studies Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
World Bank Res Obs. 2017 Feb;32(1):107-125. doi: 10.1093/wbro/lkw003. Epub 2016 Oct 1.
Different approaches have been used to estimate the economic benefits of reducing undernutrition and to estimate the costs of investing in such programs on a global scale. While many of these studies are ultimately based on evidence from well-designed efficacy trials, all require a number of assumptions to project the impact of such trials to larger populations and to translate the value of the expected improvement in nutritional status into economic terms. This paper provides a short critique of some approaches to estimating the benefits of investments in child nutrition and then presents an alternative set of estimates based on different core data. These new estimates reinforce the basic conclusions of the existing literature: the economic value from reducing undernutrition in undernourished populations is likely to be substantial.
人们采用了不同方法来估算减少营养不良带来的经济效益，并估算在全球范围内投资此类项目的成本。虽然这些研究大多最终基于精心设计的疗效试验得出的证据，但所有研究都需要一些假设，以便将此类试验的影响推广到更多人群，并将营养状况预期改善的价值转化为经济术语。本文简要批评了一些估算儿童营养投资效益的方法，然后基于不同的核心数据提出了另一组估算结果。这些新的估算结果强化了现有文献的基本结论：减少营养不良人口中的营养不良现象所带来的经济价值可能相当可观。
