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通过加速人乳头瘤病毒(HPV)疫苗接种消除癌症健康差距:总统癌症小组关于HPV疫苗接种报告的简化版

Elimination of Cancer Health Disparities through the Acceleration of HPV Vaccines and Vaccinations: A Simplified Version of the President's Cancer Panel Report on HPV Vaccinations.

作者信息

McGhee Eva, Harper Hill, Ume Adaku, Baker Melanie, Diarra Cheick, Uyanne John, Afework Sebhat, Partlow Keosha, Tran Lucy, Okoro Judith, Doan Anh, Tate Karen, Rouse Mechelle, Tyler Meidrah, Evans Kamilah, Sanchez Tonya, Hasan Ishmum, Smith-Joe Enijah, Maniti Jasmine, Zarate Liliana, King Camille, Alugbue Antoinette, Opara Chiamaka, Wissa Bileko, Maniti Joanne, Pattillo Roland

机构信息

Department of Internal Medicine, Charles Drew University of Medicine and Science, Los Angeles, USA.

出版信息

J Vaccines Vaccin. 2017 Jun;8(3). doi: 10.4172/2157-7560.1000361. Epub 2017 May 29.

Abstract

The human papillomavirus (HPV) is a major public health concern affecting both females and males. HPV is associated with cervical, anal, head and neck cancers. About 99% of all cervical cancers are related to HPV. HPV vaccines, Gardasil, Cervarix, and Gardasil 9 are used in the primary prevention of HPV related cancers. Gardasil and Gardasil 9 are available for use in both females and males ages 9 to 26, while Cervarix is available for females ages 9 to 25. Gardasil 9 was approved by the FDA for prevention against additional HPV types. Despite the availability of this preventative measure against cervical cancer, the rate of HPV vaccination in the United States remains lower than that of other industrialized nations. The purpose of this study is to elucidate mechanisms to help increase the HPV vaccination rate by using education as a tool; by simplifying the president report so that lay person can understand the information presented in the report. Through the quantitative examination of the data from the states with the lowest and highest vaccination rates, using SPSS statistical analysis; we analyzed several factors involved with the low uptake of the vaccines. The results collected show that socioeconomic status, misconceptions about HPV, and misconceptions about the safety of the vaccines were identified as possible obstacles to the effective uptake of HPV vaccinations. The proposals made by the President's Cancer Panel to accelerate the uptake of vaccines include, increasing coverage of the vaccines through government-sponsored programs, and the Affordable Care Act; increasing accessibility to vaccines through pharmacies, schools, and clinics; and disseminating more information on HPV to healthcare providers, parents, caregivers, and patients. Allowing greater accessibility to the vaccines for all populations regardless of income, education, and eliminating misconceptions of the vaccines would play a significant role in eliminating cancer.

摘要

人乳头瘤病毒(HPV)是一个重大的公共卫生问题,影响着男性和女性。HPV与宫颈癌、肛门癌、头颈癌有关。大约99%的宫颈癌都与HPV有关。HPV疫苗,如佳达修(Gardasil)、希瑞适(Cervarix)和九价重组人乳头瘤病毒疫苗(Gardasil 9)用于HPV相关癌症的一级预防。佳达修和九价重组人乳头瘤病毒疫苗可供9至26岁的男性和女性使用,而希瑞适可供9至25岁的女性使用。九价重组人乳头瘤病毒疫苗已获美国食品药品监督管理局(FDA)批准,用于预防更多HPV类型。尽管有这种预防宫颈癌的措施,但美国的HPV疫苗接种率仍低于其他工业化国家。本研究的目的是阐明通过将教育作为一种工具来帮助提高HPV疫苗接种率的机制;简化总统报告,以便外行人能够理解报告中呈现的信息。通过使用SPSS统计分析,对疫苗接种率最低和最高的州的数据进行定量检查;我们分析了与疫苗接种率低相关的几个因素。收集到的结果表明,社会经济地位、对HPV的误解以及对疫苗安全性的误解被确定为有效接种HPV疫苗的可能障碍。总统癌症小组提出的加速疫苗接种的建议包括,通过政府资助项目和《平价医疗法案》扩大疫苗覆盖范围;通过药店、学校和诊所提高疫苗可及性;以及向医疗服务提供者、父母、护理人员和患者传播更多关于HPV的信息。让所有人群无论收入、教育程度如何都能更方便地获得疫苗,并消除对疫苗的误解,将在消除癌症方面发挥重要作用。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/9829/5568095/54eb09236892/nihms889971f1.jpg

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