Vázquez-León Priscila, Martínez-Mota Lucía, Quevedo-Corona Lucía, Miranda-Páez Abraham
Departamento de Fisiología, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Wilfrido Massieu esq. Manuel Stampa s/n Col. Nueva Industrial Vallejo Del, CP: 07738, Gustavo A. Madero, Mexico City, Mexico.
Laboratorio de Farmacología Conductual, Dirección de Investigaciones en Neurociencias, Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría "Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz", Calzada México-Xochimilco 101 Col. San Lorenzo Huipulco, Tlalpan, CP: 14370, Mexico City, Mexico.
Alcohol. 2017 Sep;63:43-51. doi: 10.1016/j.alcohol.2017.03.005. Epub 2017 Jul 21.
Stress can be experienced with or without adverse effects, of which anxiety and depression are two of the most important due to the frequent comorbidity with alcohol abuse in humans. Historically, stress has been considered a cause of drug use, particularly alcohol abuse due to its anxiolytic effects. In the present work we exposed male Wistar rats to two different stress conditions: single housing (social isolation, SI), and chronic mild stress (CMS). We compared both stressed groups to group-housed rats and rats without CMS (GH) to allow the determination of a clear behavioral response profile related to their respective endocrine stress response and alcohol intake pattern. We found that SI and CMS, to a greater extent, induced short-lasting increased sucrose consumption, a transient increase in serum corticosterone level, high latency/immobility, and low burying behavior in the defensive burying behavior (DBB) test, and a transient increase in alcohol intake. Thus, the main conclusion was that stress caused by both SI and CMS induced immobility in the DBB test and, subsequently, induced a transient increased voluntary ethanol intake in Wistar rats with a free-choice home-cage drinking paradigm.
压力可能会带来不良影响，也可能不会。其中，焦虑和抑郁是最重要的两种，因为它们在人类中经常与酒精滥用合并出现。从历史上看，压力一直被认为是药物使用的一个原因，特别是酒精滥用，因为它具有抗焦虑作用。在本研究中，我们将雄性Wistar大鼠暴露于两种不同的应激条件下：单独饲养（社会隔离，SI）和慢性轻度应激（CMS）。我们将这两个应激组与群居大鼠和未经历CMS的大鼠（GH）进行比较，以便确定与它们各自的内分泌应激反应和酒精摄入模式相关的明确行为反应特征。我们发现，SI和CMS在更大程度上诱导了蔗糖消耗的短期增加、血清皮质酮水平的短暂升高、高潜伏期/不动、防御性埋埋行为（DBB）测试中的低埋埋行为以及酒精摄入量的短暂增加。因此，主要结论是，SI和CMS引起的压力在DBB测试中诱导了不动，随后，在自由选择笼内饮水模式的Wistar大鼠中诱导了自愿乙醇摄入量的短暂增加。
