Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, 5021 Bergen, Norway.
Int J Mol Med. 2017 Oct;40(4):943-952. doi: 10.3892/ijmm.2017.3096. Epub 2017 Aug 11.
Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a common chronic gastrointestinal (GI) disorder that is characterized by a combination of abdominal pain or discomfort, bloating and alterations in bowel movements. This review presents recent developments concerning the roles of diet and GI endocrine cells in the pathophysiology of IBS and of individual dietary guidance in the management of IBS. Patients with IBS typically report that food aggravates their IBS symptoms. The interactions between specific types of foodstuffs rich in fermentable oligosaccharides, disaccharides, monosaccharides and polyols (FODMAPs) and GI endocrine cells induce changes in cell densities. Providing individual dietary guidance about a low FODMAP intake, high soluble‑fiber intake, and changing the proportions of protein, fat and carbohydrates helps to reduce the symptoms experienced by patients with IBS and to improve their quality of life. These improvements are due to restoring the densities of the GI endocrine cells back to normal. The reported observations emphasize the role of GI endocrine cells in the pathophysiology of IBS and support the provision of dietary guidance as a first-line treatment for managing IBS.
肠易激综合征（IBS）是一种常见的慢性胃肠道（GI）疾病，其特征为腹痛或不适、腹胀和排便习惯改变的组合。本综述介绍了饮食和 GI 内分泌细胞在 IBS 病理生理学中的作用以及个体饮食指导在 IBS 管理中的最新进展。IBS 患者通常报告食物会加重其 IBS 症状。富含可发酵寡糖、双糖、单糖和多元醇的特定类型食物（FODMAPs）与 GI 内分泌细胞之间的相互作用会引起细胞密度的变化。提供关于低 FODMAP 摄入、高可溶性纤维摄入以及改变蛋白质、脂肪和碳水化合物比例的个体饮食指导有助于减轻 IBS 患者的症状并提高其生活质量。这些改善是由于恢复了 GI 内分泌细胞的正常密度。这些观察结果强调了 GI 内分泌细胞在 IBS 病理生理学中的作用，并支持将饮食指导作为管理 IBS 的一线治疗方法。
