Faissal Aziz, Ouazzani N, Parrado J R, Dary M, Manyani H, Morgado B R, Barragán M D, Mandi L
Environment and Health Team, Department of Biology, Faculty Poly-disciplinary of Safi, University Cadi Ayyad, Safi, Morocco.
National Center for Research and Study on Water and Energy, University Cadi Ayyad, Marrakech, Morocco.
Saudi J Biol Sci. 2017 Sep;24(6):1437-1443. doi: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2017.01.005. Epub 2017 Jan 9.
The quality of soil is strongly bound by several interactions between chemical and biological components, including microbial composition, which are a key importance for soil performance. Cultural activities have a huge induction on soil health, through both modification of physicochemical proprieties and changing on soil microbial communities. This usually affects the safety of soil, and then the crop production and water. In the present work, the information on bacterial community composition was determined from a set of 6 soils collected from 2 farms in agricultural land of Marrakech (Morocco), one of which used poultry manure (PM) and the other cow manure (CM) as fertilizers. To profile this structure of the bacterial community Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis (DGGE) of 16S rDNA fragments has been used. These amendments resulted in the appearance of several novel bands and different relative intensities of bands between the control station and other sites studied. The stations most affected are those receiving a supply of manure rather high, which results in an organic and bacterial load in the soil. The results showed a bacterial diversity very important indicating a fecal contamination like Bacteroides, Pseudomonas, Staphylococcus,… etc. Bacteria pertain to the phylum Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes were noted to be the dominant ribotype in amended soil. Moreover, this work demonstrates also the existence of pathogens strains in soil amended by poultry manure (PM) belonging to the Clostridiales order and Pseudomonadales. The pathogenic bacteria detected posing a hazard of human contagion when they are used for soil practice.
土壤质量受到化学和生物成分之间多种相互作用的强烈制约，包括微生物组成，而微生物组成对土壤性能至关重要。农业活动对土壤健康有巨大影响，这既通过改变土壤的物理化学性质，也通过改变土壤微生物群落来实现。这通常会影响土壤安全，进而影响作物产量和水质。在本研究中，从摩洛哥马拉喀什农业用地的两个农场采集的6份土壤样本中测定了细菌群落组成信息，其中一个农场使用家禽粪便（PM）作为肥料，另一个农场使用牛粪（CM）作为肥料。为了描绘细菌群落的这种结构，使用了16S rDNA片段的变性梯度凝胶电泳（DGGE）技术。这些施肥处理导致对照站点和其他研究站点出现了几条新条带以及条带相对强度的差异。受影响最大的站点是那些接受较高粪便供应的站点，这导致了土壤中的有机负荷和细菌负荷增加。结果显示细菌多样性非常高，表明存在粪便污染，如拟杆菌属、假单胞菌属、葡萄球菌属等。属于厚壁菌门和拟杆菌门的细菌被认为是施肥土壤中的优势核糖型。此外，这项研究还证明了在家禽粪便（PM）改良的土壤中存在属于梭菌目和假单胞菌目的病原菌菌株。检测到的病原菌在用于土壤作业时会造成人类感染的风险。
