Abu-Kaf Sarah, Braun-Lewensohn Orna, Kalagy Tehila
Conflict Management and Resolution Program, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, P. O. Box 653, 84105 Beer-Sheva, Israel.
Child Adolesc Psychiatry Ment Health. 2017 Aug 29;11:42. doi: 10.1186/s13034-017-0178-z. eCollection 2017.
During stressful events, individuals (particularly adolescents) from minority groups are often more vulnerable to distress. This claim will be examined in terms of coping resources and stress reactions to escalated political violence. This study aimed to compare coping resources and stress reactions among adolescents from two ethnic groups in southern Israel-Jews and Bedouin Arabs-during a period of escalated political violence (November 2012). The Bedouin Arab group is the ethnic minority of the sample and thus may be more at risk compared to the Jewish group.
Data were gathered from 78 Jews and 91 Bedouin Arabs (14-18 years old) by using convenience sampling method. Adolescents were contacted via the Internet or in person by the research team and they completed self-report questionnaires including the Sense Of Coherence Scale (SOC), Hope Index, State Anxiety Inventory, and State Anger Inventory. After a preliminary χ analysis of the sample characteristics, three main sets of analyses were conducted including a two-way MANOVA, zero-order correlations between study variables, and hierarchical multiple regressions.
Bedouin Arab adolescents reported lower levels of SOC ((1, 158) = 3.88, = 0.04) and higher levels of individual and collective hope ((1, 158) = 3.94, = 0.03; (1, 158) = 17.41, = 0.001, respectively), as compared to Jewish adolescents. The Bedouin adolescents also reported higher levels of state anger (1, 158) = 5.58, = 0.02). We identified cultural similarities related to the predictive power of coping resources (SOC and individual hope) in explaining state anger (β = -0.29, = 0.001; β = -0.18, = 0.045, respectively). However, cultural differences were found to affect the ability of SOC to predict state anxiety; SOC contributed significantly to state anxiety only among the Jewish adolescents (β = -0.45, < 0.001).
These results emphasize the significance of addressing cultural/ethnic factors in attempts to understand mental-health issues among youth during periods of escalated political violence.
在压力事件期间，少数群体中的个体（尤其是青少年）往往更容易陷入困境。这一说法将从应对资源和对升级的政治暴力的应激反应方面进行考察。本研究旨在比较2012年11月政治暴力升级期间以色列南部两个族群（犹太人和贝都因阿拉伯人）青少年的应对资源和应激反应。贝都因阿拉伯群体是样本中的少数民族，因此与犹太群体相比可能面临更大风险。
采用便利抽样法，从78名犹太青少年和91名贝都因阿拉伯青少年（14 - 18岁）中收集数据。研究团队通过互联网或亲自联系青少年，他们完成了自我报告问卷，包括连贯感量表（SOC）、希望指数、状态焦虑量表和状态愤怒量表。在对样本特征进行初步χ分析后，进行了三组主要分析，包括双向多变量方差分析、研究变量之间的零阶相关性分析以及分层多元回归分析。
与犹太青少年相比，贝都因阿拉伯青少年报告的SOC水平较低（(1, 158) = 3.88, = 0.04），个人和集体希望水平较高（(1, 158) = 3.94, = 0.03；(1, 158) = 17.41, = 0.001）。贝都因青少年报告的状态愤怒水平也较高（(1, 158) = 5.58, = 0.02）。我们确定了应对资源（SOC和个人希望）在解释状态愤怒方面的预测能力的文化相似性（β = -0.29, = 0.001；β = -0.18, = 0.045）。然而，发现文化差异会影响SOC预测状态焦虑的能力；SOC仅在犹太青少年中对状态焦虑有显著贡献（β = -0.45, < 0.001）。
这些结果强调了在试图理解政治暴力升级期间青少年心理健康问题时考虑文化/种族因素的重要性。
