van Meel Evelien R, Jaddoe Vincent W V, Bønnelykke Klaus, de Jongste Johan C, Duijts Liesbeth
The Generation R Study Group, Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
Department of Pediatrics, Division of Respiratory Medicine and Allergology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
Pediatr Pulmonol. 2017 Oct;52(10):1363-1370. doi: 10.1002/ppul.23795. Epub 2017 Sep 4.
Asthma is a common disease in childhood, and might predispose for chronic obstructive respiratory morbidity in adolescence and adulthood. Various early-life risk factors might influence the risk of wheezing, asthma, and lower lung function in childhood. Cohort studies demonstrated that lower respiratory tract infections in the first years of life are associated with an increased risk of wheezing and asthma, while the association with lung function is less clear. Additionally, the gut and airway microbiome might influence the risk of wheezing and asthma. The interaction between respiratory tract infections and the microbiome complicates studies of their associations with wheezing, asthma, and lung function. Furthermore, the causality behind these observations is still unclear, and several other factors such as genetic susceptibility and the immune system might be of importance. This review is focused on the association of early-life respiratory tract infections and the microbiome with wheezing, asthma, and lung function, it is possible influencing factors and perspectives for future studies.
哮喘是儿童期的常见疾病，可能会使青少年和成年人易患慢性阻塞性呼吸道疾病。各种早期生活风险因素可能会影响儿童期喘息、哮喘和肺功能降低的风险。队列研究表明，生命最初几年的下呼吸道感染与喘息和哮喘风险增加有关，而与肺功能的关联则不太明确。此外，肠道和气道微生物群可能会影响喘息和哮喘风险。呼吸道感染与微生物群之间的相互作用使它们与喘息、哮喘和肺功能关联的研究变得复杂。此外，这些观察结果背后的因果关系仍不清楚，其他几个因素如遗传易感性和免疫系统可能也很重要。本综述重点关注早期生活中的呼吸道感染和微生物群与喘息、哮喘和肺功能的关联、可能的影响因素以及未来研究的前景。
