Department of Biology, Section of Microbiology, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 15, bldg. 1, DK2100, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Microbiology and Infection Control, Statens Serum Institut, Artillerivej 5, 2300, Copenhagen S, Denmark.
Microbiome. 2016 Dec 30;4(1):70. doi: 10.1186/s40168-016-0215-9.
The airways of healthy humans harbor a distinct microbial community. Perturbations in the microbial community have been associated with disease, yet little is known about the formation and development of a healthy airway microbiota in early life. Our goal was to understand the establishment of the airway microbiota within the first 3 months of life. We investigated the hypopharyngeal microbiota in the unselected COPSAC cohort of 700 infants, using 16S rRNA gene sequencing of hypopharyngeal aspirates from 1 week, 1 month, and 3 months of age.
Our analysis shows that majority of the hypopharyngeal microbiota of healthy infants belong to each individual's core microbiota and we demonstrate five distinct community pneumotypes. Four of these pneumotypes are dominated by the genera Staphylococcus, Streptococcus, Moraxella, and Corynebacterium, respectively. Furthermore, we show temporal pneumotype changes suggesting a rapid development towards maturation of the hypopharyngeal microbiota and a significant effect from older siblings. Despite an overall common trajectory towards maturation, individual infants' microbiota are more similar to their own, than to others, over time.
Our findings demonstrate a consolidation of the population of indigenous bacteria in healthy airways and indicate distinct trajectories in the early development of the hypopharyngeal microbiota.
健康人的气道中存在独特的微生物群落。微生物群落的紊乱与疾病有关，但人们对生命早期健康气道微生物群的形成和发展知之甚少。我们的目标是了解生命最初 3 个月内气道微生物群的建立情况。我们使用来自 1 周、1 个月和 3 个月大的咽后抽吸物的 16S rRNA 基因测序，调查了未选择的 COPSAC 队列中 700 名婴儿的咽后微生物群。
我们的分析表明，健康婴儿的咽后微生物群多数属于每个人的核心微生物群，我们展示了五种不同的社区肺炎类型。其中四种肺炎类型分别由葡萄球菌属、链球菌属、莫拉菌属和棒状杆菌属主导。此外，我们还显示了时间上的肺炎类型变化，表明咽后微生物群迅速向成熟发展，并受到年长兄弟姐妹的显著影响。尽管总体上存在向成熟的共同轨迹，但随着时间的推移，个体婴儿的微生物群与其自身的微生物群更为相似，而与他人的微生物群则不那么相似。
我们的发现表明，健康气道中土著细菌的种群得到了巩固，并表明咽后微生物群在早期发育中有不同的轨迹。
