Food Science and Nutrition Department and Center for Nutrition Research, Institute for Food Safety and Health, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, USA.
Nutrition Department, UC Davis, Davis, USA.
Mol Nutr Food Res. 2017 Dec;61(12). doi: 10.1002/mnfr.201700405. Epub 2017 Nov 8.
Understanding the metabolic fate of polyphenols from plant foods can aid in developing dietary recommendations that maximize their health benefits. Wild blueberries (WBB) provide a distinctive composition of dietary anthocyanins and chlorogenic acid (CGA).
This is a single blind, randomized, two-arm crossover controlled study. Human subjects ingested a WBB beverage (25 g freeze dried WBB powder) or placebo beverage with a meal and plasma was collected over 24 h. Anthocyanins, CGA and their metabolites were characterized and quantified in beverages and in plasma using targeted and non-targeted mass analyses. Bioavailability of WBB anthocyanins and 3-CGA was 1.1 and 0.2%, respectively. Parent anthocyanins and 3-CGA peaked ≈2 h post ingestion, while phase II metabolites, including glucuronide conjugates of peonidin, delphinidin, cyanidin and petunidin peaked ≈ 2.6, 6.3, 7 and 8.8 h, respectively. Phenolic acids (metabolites) peaked between 0.5 and 24 h. Biphasic responses were evident suggesting preferential enterohepatic recycling for some compounds.
The data indicate bioavailability of early and late phase WBB metabolites peaking at different times during the 24 h period, which may be important for maximizing their biological activity.
了解植物性食物中多酚的代谢命运有助于制定最大程度发挥其健康益处的饮食建议。野生蓝莓（WBB）提供了独特的膳食花色苷和绿原酸（CGA）组成。
这是一项单盲、随机、两臂交叉对照研究。人体受试者在进食时摄入 WBB 饮料（25 克冻干 WBB 粉末）或安慰剂饮料，并在 24 小时内采集血浆。使用靶向和非靶向质谱分析，在饮料和血浆中对花色苷、CGA 及其代谢物进行了表征和定量。WBB 花色苷和 3-CGA 的生物利用度分别为 1.1%和 0.2%。母体花色苷和 3-CGA 在摄入后约 2 小时达到峰值，而相 II 代谢物，包括矢车菊素、天竺葵素、飞燕草素和锦葵素的葡萄糖醛酸缀合物，分别在约 2.6、6.3、7 和 8.8 小时达到峰值。酚酸（代谢物）在 0.5 至 24 小时之间达到峰值。双相反应明显，表明某些化合物优先进行肠肝循环。
数据表明 WBB 早期和晚期代谢物的生物利用度在 24 小时内的不同时间达到峰值，这对于最大限度地发挥其生物活性可能很重要。
