Rajchert Joanna, Konopka Karolina, Huesmann L Rowell
Institute of Applied Psychology, The Maria Grzegorzewska University, ul. Szczesliwicka 40, 02-353 Warsaw, Poland.
Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48104 USA.
Curr Psychol. 2017;36(3):417-427. doi: 10.1007/s12144-016-9430-6. Epub 2016 Apr 2.
Research has shown that ostracism results in aggressive behavior towards the ostracising other, but also causes displaced aggression-aggression directed towards an innocent person. Our study investigated whether displaced aggressive responses to ostracism were increased by three types of aggression proneness (readiness for aggression) based on different mechanisms: emotional-impulsive, habitual-cognitive or personality-immanent. Participants ( = 118) played a Cyberball game in which they were either excluded or included, next prepared a hot sauce sample for another person as an indicator of aggression and completed the Readiness for Interpersonal Aggression Inventory. Results showed that ostracism evoked more aggression in participants with high rather than with low emotional-impulsive readiness for aggression. Only this type of readiness moderated the ostracism-aggression relationship indicating that mostly affective mechanisms induce displaced aggressive responses to exclusion.
研究表明，排斥会导致对排斥者产生攻击行为，同时也会引发替代性攻击——即对无辜者的攻击。我们的研究调查了基于不同机制的三种攻击倾向（攻击准备程度）是否会增加对排斥的替代性攻击反应：情绪冲动型、习惯认知型或个性内在型。参与者（(n = 118)）进行了一场网络投球游戏，在游戏中他们要么被排斥要么被接纳，接下来为另一个人准备一份辣酱样本作为攻击的指标，并完成人际攻击准备程度量表。结果显示，对于情绪冲动型攻击准备程度高的参与者，排斥引发的攻击比准备程度低的参与者更多。只有这种准备程度调节了排斥与攻击之间的关系，表明主要是情感机制诱发了对排斥的替代性攻击反应。
