Laboratorio de Microbiología Molecular y Biotecnología Ambiental, Departamento de Química & Centro de Biotecnología Daniel Alkalay Lowitt, Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Valparaíso 2340000, Chile.
Mar Drugs. 2017 Sep 11;15(9):286. doi: 10.3390/md15090286.
Recently, bioprospecting in underexplored habitats has gained enhanced focus, since new taxa of marine actinobacteria can be found, and thus possible new metabolites. Actinobacteria are in the foreground due to their versatile production of secondary metabolites that present various biological activities, such as antibacterials, antitumorals and antifungals. Chilean marine ecosystems remain largely unexplored and may represent an important source for the discovery of bioactive compounds. Various culture conditions to enrich the growth of this phylum were used and 232 bacterial strains were isolated. Comparative analysis of the 16S rRNA gene sequences led to identifying genetic affiliations of 32 genera, belonging to 20 families. This study shows a remarkable culturable diversity of actinobacteria, associated to marine environments along Chile. Furthermore, 30 streptomycete strains were studied to establish their antibacterial activities against five model strains, , , , and , demonstrating abilities to inhibit bacterial growth of Gram-positive bacteria. To gain insight into their metabolic profiles, crude extracts were submitted to liquid chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry (LC-HRMS) analysis to assess the selection of streptomycete strains with potentials of producing novel bioactive metabolites. The combined approach allowed for the identification of three streptomycete strains to pursue further investigations. Our Chilean marine actinobacterial culture collection represents an important resource for the bioprospection of novel marine actinomycetes and its metabolites, evidencing their potential as producers of natural bioproducts.
最近，对探索较少的生境中的生物勘探得到了更多的关注，因为可以发现新的海洋放线菌分类群，从而可能发现新的代谢物。放线菌是研究的重点，因为它们可以产生各种具有生物活性的次级代谢产物，如抗菌、抗肿瘤和抗真菌药物。智利海洋生态系统在很大程度上仍未被探索，可能是发现生物活性化合物的重要来源。使用了各种培养条件来富集该门的生长，共分离出 232 株细菌。16S rRNA 基因序列的比较分析导致鉴定了 32 个属的遗传关系，属于 20 个科。本研究显示了与智利沿海海洋环境相关的显著可培养放线菌多样性。此外，研究了 30 株链霉菌菌株，以确定它们对五种模型菌株、、、和的抗菌活性，证明它们具有抑制革兰氏阳性菌生长的能力。为了深入了解它们的代谢谱，将粗提取物进行了液相色谱-高分辨率质谱（LC-HRMS）分析，以评估具有产生新型生物活性代谢物潜力的链霉菌菌株的选择。这种综合方法允许鉴定出三种链霉菌菌株，以进一步进行研究。我们的智利海洋放线菌培养物集合代表了对新型海洋放线菌及其代谢产物进行生物勘探的重要资源，证明了它们作为天然生物制品生产者的潜力。
