Rathinam Arthur James, Santhaseelan Henciya, Dahms Hans-Uwe, Dinakaran Vengateshwaran Thasu, Murugaiah Santhosh Gokul
Department of Marine Science, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, 620 024 India.
Department of Biomedical Science and Environmental Biology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 80708 Taiwan.
3 Biotech. 2023 Dec;13(12):398. doi: 10.1007/s13205-023-03812-8. Epub 2023 Nov 14.
Human pathogenic diseases received much attention recently due to their uncontrolled spread of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) which causes several threads every year. Effective alternate antimicrobials are urgently required to combat those disease causing infectious microbes. Halophilic actinobacteria revealed huge potentials and unexplored cultivable/non-cultivable actinobacterial species producing enormous antimicrobials have been proved in several genomics approaches. Potential gene clusters, PKS and NRPKS from , , , and have wide range coding genes of secondary metabolites. Biosynthetic pathways identification via various approaches like genome mining, In silico, OSMAC (one strain many compound) analysis provides better identification of knowing the active metabolites using several databases like AMP, APD and CRAMPR, etc. Genome constellations of actinobacteria particularly the prediction of BGCs (Biosynthetic Gene Clusters) to mine the bioactive molecules such as pigments, biosurfactants and few enzymes have been reported for antimicrobial activity. Saltpan, saltlake, lagoon and haloalkali environment exploring potential actinobacterial strains , , revealed several acids and ester derivatives with antimicrobial potential. Marine sediments and marine macro organisms have been found as significant population holders of potential actinobacterial strains. Deadly infectious diseases (IDs) including tuberculosis, ventilator-associated pneumonia and Candidiasis, have been targeted by halo-actinobacterial metabolites with promising results. Methicillin resistant and virus like Encephalitic alphaviruses were potentially targeted by halophilic actinobacterial metabolites by the compound Homoseongomycin from sponge associated antinobacterium. In this review, we discuss the potential antimicrobial properties of various biomolecules extracted from the unexplored halophilic actinobacterial strains specifically against human infectious pathogens along with prospective genomic constellations.
由于抗菌药物耐药性（AMR）的失控传播每年引发诸多威胁，人类致病性疾病近来备受关注。迫切需要有效的替代抗菌药物来对抗那些引发疾病的感染性微生物。嗜盐放线菌展现出巨大潜力，并且在多种基因组学方法中已证明，有大量未被探索的可培养/不可培养放线菌物种能产生大量抗菌物质。来自[多个物种名称未明确给出]的潜在基因簇、聚酮合酶（PKS）和非核糖体肽合成酶（NRPKS）具有编码多种次生代谢产物的广泛基因。通过基因组挖掘、计算机模拟、OSMAC（一株多化合物）分析等各种方法进行生物合成途径鉴定，利用AMP、APD和CRAMPR等多个数据库，能更好地鉴定出活性代谢产物。已报道放线菌的基因组结构，特别是生物合成基因簇（BGCs）的预测，用于挖掘具有抗菌活性的生物活性分子，如色素、生物表面活性剂和少数酶。对盐田、盐湖、泻湖和盐碱环境中潜在放线菌菌株[多个菌株名称未明确给出]的探索，发现了几种具有抗菌潜力的酸和酯衍生物。海洋沉积物和海洋大型生物已被发现是潜在放线菌菌株的重要宿主。包括结核病、呼吸机相关性肺炎和念珠菌病在内的致命传染病（IDs）已成为嗜盐放线菌代谢产物的靶向目标，并取得了有前景的结果。耐甲氧西林[具体名称未明确给出]和类似病毒的脑炎α病毒可能被来自海绵相关抗生菌的同型霉素化合物靶向。在本综述中，我们讨论了从未被探索的嗜盐放线菌菌株中提取的各种生物分子针对人类感染病原体的潜在抗菌特性以及预期的基因组结构。
