Ringelhan Marc, McKeating Jane A, Protzer Ulrike
Institute of Virology, Technical University of Munich/Helmholtz Zentrum München, Trogerstrasse 30, 81675 Muenchen, Germany.
Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hopsital rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Ismaninger Strasse 22, 81675 Muenchen, Germany.
Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci. 2017 Oct 19;372(1732). doi: 10.1098/rstb.2016.0274.
Hepatitis B and C viruses are a global health problem causing acute and chronic infections that can lead to liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). These infections are the leading cause for HCC worldwide and are associated with significant mortality, accounting for more than 1.3 million deaths per year. Owing to its high incidence and resistance to treatment, liver cancer is the second leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide, with HCC representing approximately 90% of all primary liver cancer cases. The majority of viral-associated HCC cases develop in subjects with liver cirrhosis; however, hepatitis B virus infection can promote HCC development without prior end-stage liver disease. Thus, understanding the role of hepatitis B and C viral infections in HCC development is essential for the future design of treatments and therapies for this cancer. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge on hepatitis B and C virus hepatocarcinogenesis and highlight direct and indirect risk factors.This article is part of the themed issue 'Human oncogenic viruses'.
乙型肝炎病毒和丙型肝炎病毒是一个全球性的健康问题，可导致急性和慢性感染，进而引发肝硬化和肝细胞癌（HCC）。这些感染是全球肝细胞癌的主要病因，且与高死亡率相关，每年导致超过130万人死亡。由于其高发病率和治疗耐药性，肝癌是全球癌症相关死亡的第二大原因，其中肝细胞癌约占所有原发性肝癌病例的90%。大多数病毒相关的肝细胞癌病例发生在肝硬化患者中；然而，乙型肝炎病毒感染可在无终末期肝病的情况下促进肝细胞癌的发生。因此，了解乙型肝炎病毒和丙型肝炎病毒感染在肝细胞癌发生中的作用对于该癌症未来的治疗设计至关重要。在本综述中，我们总结了目前关于乙型肝炎病毒和丙型肝炎病毒致癌作用的知识，并强调了直接和间接风险因素。本文是主题为“人类致癌病毒”的特刊的一部分。
