Key Laboratory of Ecohydrology of Inland River Basin, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, China.
School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, 4072, Australia.
Sci Rep. 2017 Sep 11;7(1):11193. doi: 10.1038/s41598-017-11678-z.
Aquaculture wastewater is one of the most important alternative water resources in arid regions where scarcity of fresh water is common. Irrigation with this kind of water may affect soil microbial functional diversity and community structure as changes of soil environment would be significant. Here, we conducted a field sampling to investigate these effects using Biolog and metagenomic methods. The results demonstrated that irrigation with aquaculture wastewater could dramatically reduce soil microbial functional diversity. The values of diversity indices and sole carbon source utilization were all significantly decreased. Increased soil salinity, especially Cl concentration, appeared primarily associated with the decreases. Differently, higher bacterial community diversity was obtained in aquaculture wastewater irrigated soils. More abundant phyla Actinobacteria, Chloroflexi, Acidobacteria, Gemmatimonadetes and fewer members of Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes and Planctomycetes were found in this kind of soils. Changes in the concentration of soil Cl mainly accounted for the shifts of bacterial community composition. This research can improve our understanding of how aquaculture wastewater irrigation changes soil microbial process and as a result, be useful to manage soil and wastewater resources in arid regions.
水产养殖废水是干旱地区最重要的替代水资源之一，这些地区普遍淡水短缺。用这种水灌溉可能会影响土壤微生物功能多样性和群落结构，因为土壤环境的变化将是显著的。在这里，我们使用 Biolog 和宏基因组学方法进行了实地采样来研究这些影响。结果表明，水产养殖废水灌溉可显著降低土壤微生物功能多样性。多样性指数和单一碳源利用率的值均显著降低。增加的土壤盐分，特别是 Cl 浓度，似乎主要与减少有关。不同的是，在水产养殖废水灌溉的土壤中获得了更高的细菌群落多样性。在这种土壤中发现了更多的放线菌门、绿弯菌门、酸杆菌门、芽单胞菌门和较少的变形菌门、拟杆菌门和浮霉菌门。土壤中 Cl 浓度的变化主要导致了细菌群落组成的变化。这项研究可以提高我们对水产养殖废水灌溉如何改变土壤微生物过程的理解，从而有助于管理干旱地区的土壤和废水资源。
