Gyanfosu Linda, Koffuor George Asumeng, Kyei Samuel, Ababio-Danso Ben, Peprah-Donkor Kwabena, Nyansah Wilson Bright, Asare Frederick
Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana.
St. Michael's Catholic Hospital, Pramso, Bosomtwe District, Ashanti Region, Ghana.
Int Ophthalmol. 2018 Oct;38(5):2089-2100. doi: 10.1007/s10792-017-0707-z. Epub 2017 Sep 12.
Extemporaneously prepared miconazole eye drops (EPMD) are used by some eye care practitioners to manage keratomycosis in Ghana. This study therefore aimed to determine the efficacy and safety of EPMD using in vitro and in vivo experimental models.
The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of EPMD was determined by the agar-well diffusion method. In vivo, the activity of EPMD on corneal ulcer, neovascularization, clouding, edema, carring and on keratomycotic conjunctivitis and corneal scarring (clinical features) associated with Candida albicans-induced keratomycosis in rabbits was determined by treating them with 0.034-1.08% (weight-in-volume) EPMD for a period of 30 days. The safety of EPMD on the healthy eye was determined by instilling various concentrations into the intact eye of the rabbits.
The MIC of EPMD on Candida albicans was 1.08% (zone of inhibition of 13 mm ± 0.578), which resulted in significantly better improvements (p ≤ 0.001) in clinical findings than eyes treated with sterile water (p > 0.05), and showed no significant difference (p > 0.05) compared to eyes treated with 0.3% fluconazole. There were no visible signs of ocular toxicity on instilling it into healthy eyes of rabbits.
The extemporaneously prepared miconazole eye drops are effective and safe to use in keratomycosis.
加纳的一些眼科护理从业者使用临时配制的咪康唑滴眼液（EPMD）来治疗角膜真菌病。因此，本研究旨在通过体外和体内实验模型确定EPMD的疗效和安全性。
采用琼脂孔扩散法测定EPMD的最低抑菌浓度（MIC）。在体内，通过用0.034 - 1.08%（重量/体积）的EPMD对兔子进行为期30天的治疗，来确定EPMD对白色念珠菌引起的兔角膜真菌病相关的角膜溃疡、新生血管形成、混浊、水肿、结痂以及角膜真菌性结膜炎和角膜瘢痕（临床特征）的作用。通过向兔子的健康眼睛滴入不同浓度的EPMD来确定其对健康眼睛的安全性。
EPMD对白色念珠菌的MIC为1.08%（抑菌圈为13 mm±0.578），与用无菌水处理的眼睛相比，其临床结果有显著更好的改善（p≤0.001）（用无菌水处理的眼睛p>0.05），与用0.3%氟康唑治疗的眼睛相比无显著差异（p>0.05）。将其滴入兔子的健康眼睛时没有明显的眼毒性迹象。
临时配制的咪康唑滴眼液用于治疗角膜真菌病是有效且安全的。
