From the Université Nice Sophia Antipolis, Université de Toulon, LAMHESS, Nice, France (C.P.-B., J.B.); and Aix Marseille Université, CNRS, ISM, Marseille, France (A.C., J.L.); and Aix Marseille Université, INSERM, INMED, Marseille, France (C.P.).
Stroke. 2017 Oct;48(10):2855-2864. doi: 10.1161/STROKEAHA.117.017962. Epub 2017 Sep 13.
This study was designed to compare the effects of high-intensity interval training (HIT) and moderate-intensity aerobic training (MOD) on functional recovery and cerebral plasticity during the first 2 weeks after cerebral ischemia.
Rats were randomized as follows: control (n=15), SHAM (n=9), middle cerebral artery occlusion (n=13), middle cerebral artery occlusion at day 1 (n=7), MOD (n=13), and HIT (n=13). Incremental tests were performed at day 1 (D1) and 14 (D14) to identify the running speed associated with the lactate threshold () and the maximal speed (). Functional tests were performed at D1, D7, and D14. Microglia form, cytokines, p75 (pan-neurotrophin receptor p75), potassium-chloride cotransporter type 2, and sodium-potassium-chloride cotransporter type 1 expression were made at D15.
HIT was more effective to improve the endurance performance than MOD and induced a fast recovery of the impaired forelimb grip force. The ionized calcium binding adaptor molecule 1 (Iba-1)-positive cells with amoeboid form and the pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokine expression were lower in HIT group, mainly in the ipsilesional hemisphere. A p75 overexpression is observed on the ipsilesional side together with a restored sodium-potassium-chloride cotransporter type 1/potassium-chloride cotransporter type 2 ratio on the contralesional side.
Low-volume HIT based on lactate threshold seems to be more effective after cerebral ischemia than work-matched MOD to improve aerobic fitness and grip strength and might promote cerebral plasticity.
本研究旨在比较高强度间歇训练（HIT）和中等强度有氧训练（MOD）对脑缺血后前 2 周功能恢复和大脑可塑性的影响。
将大鼠随机分为以下几组：对照组（n=15）、假手术组（n=9）、大脑中动脉闭塞组（n=13）、第 1 天大脑中动脉闭塞组（n=7）、MOD 组（n=13）和 HIT 组（n=13）。在第 1 天（D1）和第 14 天（D14）进行递增试验，以确定与乳酸阈（）和最大速度（）相关的跑步速度。在 D1、D7 和 D14 进行功能测试。在 D15 进行小胶质细胞形态、细胞因子、p75（泛神经生长因子受体 p75）、钾氯共转运蛋白 2 和钠钾氯共转运蛋白 1 的表达。
HIT 比 MOD 更有效地提高耐力表现，并能快速恢复受损的前肢握力。离子钙结合衔接蛋白 1（Iba-1）阳性的阿米巴样细胞和促炎及抗炎细胞因子的表达在 HIT 组较低，主要在损伤侧半球。在损伤侧观察到 p75 过表达，同时在对侧半球恢复了钠钾氯共转运蛋白 1/钾氯共转运蛋白 2 比值。
基于乳酸阈的低容量 HIT 似乎比工作匹配的 MOD 更有效地改善脑缺血后有氧健身和握力，并可能促进大脑可塑性。
