Faburay Bonto, LaBeaud Angelle Desiree, McVey D Scott, Wilson William C, Richt Juergen A
Department of Diagnostic Medicine and Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA.
Center of Excellence for Emerging and Zoonotic Animal Diseases (CEEZAD), Department of Diagnostic Medicine/Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA.
Vaccines (Basel). 2017 Sep 19;5(3):29. doi: 10.3390/vaccines5030029.
Rift Valley Fever (RVF) is a mosquito-borne zoonotic disease that presents a substantial threat to human and public health. It is caused by Rift Valley fever phlebovirus (RVFV), which belongs to the genus Phlebovirus and the family Phenuiviridae within the order Bunyavirales. The wide distribution of competent vectors in non-endemic areas coupled with global climate change poses a significant threat of the transboundary spread of RVFV. In the last decade, an improved understanding of the molecular biology of RVFV has facilitated significant progress in the development of novel vaccines, including DIVA (differentiating infected from vaccinated animals) vaccines. Despite these advances, there is no fully licensed vaccine for veterinary or human use available in non-endemic countries, whereas in endemic countries, there is no clear policy or practice of routine/strategic livestock vaccinations as a preventive or mitigating strategy against potential RVF disease outbreaks. The purpose of this review was to provide an update on the status of RVF vaccine development and provide perspectives on the best strategies for disease control. Herein, we argue that the routine or strategic vaccination of livestock could be the best control approach for preventing the outbreak and spread of future disease.
裂谷热（RVF）是一种由蚊子传播的人畜共患病，对人类和公共卫生构成重大威胁。它由裂谷热静脉病毒（RVFV）引起，该病毒属于布尼亚病毒目白蛉病毒属和白蛉病毒科。在非流行地区，媒介生物分布广泛，再加上全球气候变化，对RVFV的跨境传播构成了重大威胁。在过去十年中，对RVFV分子生物学的深入了解推动了新型疫苗的开发取得重大进展，包括区分感染动物和接种疫苗动物（DIVA）疫苗。尽管取得了这些进展，但在非流行国家，尚无完全许可用于兽医或人类的疫苗，而在流行国家，也没有明确的政策或做法将常规/战略牲畜疫苗接种作为预防或减轻潜在裂谷热疾病爆发的策略。本综述的目的是提供裂谷热疫苗开发现状的最新信息，并就疾病控制的最佳策略提供观点。在此，我们认为对牲畜进行常规或战略疫苗接种可能是预防未来疾病爆发和传播的最佳控制方法。
