Ali Nasser A Awadh, Chhetri Bhuwan K, Dosoky Noura S, Shari Khola, Al-Fahad Ahmed J A, Wessjohann Ludger, Setzer William N
Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Clinical Pharmacy, Albaha University, P.O. Box 1988, Albaha, Saudi Arabia.
Department of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, Faculty of Science, Sana'a University, P.O. Box 13150, Sana'a, Yemen.
Medicines (Basel). 2017 Apr 1;4(2):17. doi: 10.3390/medicines4020017.
and (Lamiaceae) are used in traditional medicine in Yemen. The chemical composition, antimicrobial, antioxidant and cytotoxic activities of the essential oils isolated from the leaves of Benth. (EOOF) and two different populations of Deflers., one collected from Dhamar province (EOTY-d), and another collected from Taiz (EOTY-t) were investigated. The antimicrobial activities of the oils were evaluated against several microorganisms with the disc diffusion test or the broth microdilution test. The essential oils were screened for cytotoxic activity against human tumor cells. EOOF and EOTY-d were screened for free-radical-inhibitory activity using the DPPH radical scavenging assay. Sixty-four compounds were identified in (EOOF) representing 100% of the oil content with -fenchol (31.1%), fenchone (12.2%), τ-cadinol (12.2%), and methyl ()-cinnamate (5.1%) as the major compounds. In EOTY-d, 67 compounds were identified, which made up 91% of the total oil. The most abundant constituents were ()-caryophyllene (11.2%), α-humulene (4.0.%), γ-selinene (5.5%), 7--α-selinene (20.1%), and caryophyllene oxide (20.1%), while the major compounds in EOTY-t were α-pinene (6.6%), ()-caryophyllene (19.1%) α-humulene (6.4%), δ-cadinene (6.5%), caryophyllene oxide (4.3%), α-cadinol (9.5%), and shyobunol (4.6%). The most sensitive microorganisms for EOOF were , , and with inhibition zones of 34, 16, and 24 mm and MIC values of, 4.3 mg/mL, 4.3 mg/mL, and 8.6 mg/mL, respectively. EOTY-t showed antimicrobial activity against , , , and with MIC values of 0.156, 0.156, 0.313 and 0.313 mg/mL, respectively. Neither essential oil showed remarkable radical inhibition (IC = 31.55 and 31.41 μL/mL). EOTY-d was active against HT-29 human colorectal adenocarcinoma cell lines with IC = 43.7 μg/mL. Consistent with this, EOTY-t was active against both MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 human breast adenocarcinoma cells. The antimicrobial activity of essential oil against and is consistent with its traditional use in Yemeni traditional medicine to treat skin infections. Both and show wide variations in their respective essential oil compositions; there remains a need to investigate both species botanically, genetically, and phytochemically more comprehensively.
唇形科植物在也门传统医学中有所应用。对从Benth.的叶子中分离出的精油（EOOF）以及Deflers.的两个不同种群（一个采集自达玛尔省（EOTY - d），另一个采集自塔伊兹（EOTY - t））的化学成分、抗菌、抗氧化和细胞毒性活性进行了研究。通过纸片扩散法或肉汤微量稀释法评估了这些精油对几种微生物的抗菌活性。对这些精油进行了针对人类肿瘤细胞的细胞毒性活性筛选。使用DPPH自由基清除试验对EOOF和EOTY - d进行了自由基抑制活性筛选。在（EOOF）中鉴定出64种化合物，占油含量的100%，其中主要化合物为α - 葑醇（31.1%）、葑酮（12.2%）、τ - 杜松醇（12.2%）和甲基（） - 肉桂酸酯（5.1%）。在EOTY - d中，鉴定出67种化合物，占总油的91%。含量最丰富的成分是（） - 石竹烯（11.2%）、α - 腐殖烯（4.0%）、γ - 芹子烯（5.5%）、7 - （） - α - 芹子烯（20.1%）和石竹烯氧化物（20.1%），而EOTY - t中的主要化合物为α - 蒎烯（6.6%）、（） - 石竹烯（19.1%）、α - 腐殖烯（6.4%）、δ - 杜松烯（6.5%）、石竹烯氧化物（4.3%）、α - 杜松醇（9.5%）和异菖蒲二醇（4.6%）。EOOF对最敏感的微生物是、和，抑菌圈分别为34、16和24毫米，MIC值分别为4.3毫克/毫升、4.3毫克/毫升和8.6毫克/毫升。EOTY - t对、、和显示出抗菌活性，MIC值分别为0.156、0.156、0.313和0.313毫克/毫升。两种精油均未显示出显著的自由基抑制作用（IC = 31.55和31.41微升/毫升）。EOTY - d对HT - 29人结肠腺癌细胞系有活性，IC = 43.7微克/毫升。与此一致的是，EOTY - t对MCF - 7和MDA - MB - 231人乳腺腺癌细胞均有活性。精油对和的抗菌活性与其在也门传统医学中用于治疗皮肤感染的传统用途一致。和在各自的精油成分上都有很大差异；仍需要对这两个物种进行更全面的植物学、遗传学和植物化学研究。
