Wiles B M, Llewellyn-Zaidi A M, Evans K M, O'Neill D G, Lewis T W
The Kennel Club, Clarges Street, London, W1J 8AB England, UK.
International Partnership for Dogs, 504547 Grey Rd 1, Georgia Bluffs, ON England, UK.
Canine Genet Epidemiol. 2017 Sep 19;4:8. doi: 10.1186/s40575-017-0047-3. eCollection 2017.
Pedigree or purebred dogs are often stated to have high prevalence of disorders which are commonly assumed to be a consequence of inbreeding and selection for exaggerated features. However, few studies empirically report and rank the prevalence of disorders across breeds although such data are of critical importance in the prioritisation of multiple health concerns, and to provide a baseline against which to explore changes over time. This paper reports an owner survey that gathered disorder information on Kennel Club registered pedigree dogs, regardless of whether these disorders received veterinary care. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of disorders among pedigree dogs overall and, where possible, determine any variation among breeds.
This study included morbidity data on 43,005 live dogs registered with the Kennel Club. Just under two thirds of live dogs had no reported diseases/conditions. The most prevalent diseases/conditions overall were lipoma (4.3%; 95% confidence interval 4.13-4.52%), skin (cutaneous) cyst (3.1%; 2.94-3.27%) and hypersensitivity (allergic) skin disorder (2.7%; 2.52-2.82%). For the most common disorders in the most represented breeds, 90 significant differences between the within breed prevalence and the overall prevalence are reported.
The results from this study have added vital epidemiological data on disorders in UK dogs. It is anticipated that these results will contribute to the forthcoming Breed Health & Conservation Plans, a Kennel Club initiative aiming to assist in the identification and prioritisation of breeding selection objectives for health and provide advice to breeders/owners regarding steps that may be taken to minimise the risk of the disease/disorders. Future breed-specific studies are recommended to report more precise prevalence estimates within more breeds.
纯种犬或谱系犬通常被认为患有多种疾病的比例较高，这些疾病通常被认为是近亲繁殖和对夸张特征进行选育的结果。然而，尽管此类数据对于确定多种健康问题的优先级以及提供一个用以探究随时间变化情况的基线至关重要，但很少有研究通过实证报告并对各犬种疾病的患病率进行排名。本文报告了一项针对犬主的调查，该调查收集了英国养犬俱乐部注册的谱系犬的疾病信息，无论这些疾病是否接受过兽医治疗。本研究旨在确定谱系犬总体上疾病的患病率，并在可能的情况下确定各犬种之间的差异。
本研究纳入了43,005只在英国养犬俱乐部注册的活体犬的发病数据。略少于三分之二的活体犬没有报告疾病/病症。总体上最常见的疾病/病症是脂肪瘤（4.3%；95%置信区间4.13 - 4.52%）、皮肤（皮下）囊肿（3.1%；2.94 - 3.27%）和过敏性皮肤病（2.7%；2.52 - 2.82%）。对于数量最多的犬种中最常见的疾病，报告了90个品种内患病率与总体患病率之间的显著差异。
本研究结果为英国犬类疾病增添了重要的流行病学数据。预计这些结果将有助于即将出台的《品种健康与保护计划》，这是英国养犬俱乐部的一项倡议，旨在协助确定和优先考虑健康方面的育种选择目标，并就可能采取的措施向育种者/犬主提供建议，以尽量降低疾病风险。建议未来针对特定品种的研究报告更多品种内更精确的患病率估计值。
