FXB Center for Health and Human Rights, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, USA.
School of Psychology and Speech Pathology, Curtin University, Perth, Australia.
Int J Public Health. 2017 Dec;62(9):1051-1058. doi: 10.1007/s00038-017-1036-8. Epub 2017 Sep 20.
To investigate specific challenges to Hong Kong's capacity for effective disaster response, we assessed perceived barriers to evacuation and citizens' self-efficacy.
Global positioning system software was used to determine random sampling locations across Hong Kong, weighted by population density. The resulting sample of 1023 participants (46.5% female, mean age 40.74 years) were invited to complete questionnaires on emergency preparedness, barriers to evacuation and self-efficacy. Latent profile analysis and multinomial logistic regression were used to identify self-efficacy profiles and predictors of profile membership.
Only 11% of the sample reported feeling prepared to respond to a disaster. If asked to evacuate in an emergency, 41.9% of the sample cited significant issues that would preclude them from doing so. Self-efficacy was negatively associated with barriers to disaster response so that participants reporting higher levels of self-efficacy cited fewer perceived barriers to evacuation.
Hong Kong has established effective strategies for emergency response, but concerns regarding evacuation and mobilisation remain. The findings indicate that improving self-efficacy for disaster response has potential to increase evacuation readiness.
为了调查香港在有效应对灾害方面的特殊挑战,我们评估了疏散方面的感知障碍和公民的自我效能感。
利用全球定位系统软件,按人口密度对香港各地进行随机抽样定位。对 1023 名参与者(46.5%为女性,平均年龄 40.74 岁)进行了紧急准备、疏散障碍和自我效能感的问卷调查。采用潜在剖面分析和多项逻辑回归来确定自我效能感的分布情况和影响分布情况的因素。
只有 11%的样本表示对应对灾害有准备。如果被要求在紧急情况下撤离,41.9%的样本表示存在重大问题,这将使他们无法撤离。自我效能感与应对灾害的障碍呈负相关,因此报告自我效能感较高的参与者认为疏散方面的障碍较少。
香港已经制定了有效的应急策略,但对疏散和动员的担忧仍然存在。研究结果表明,提高应对灾害的自我效能感有可能提高疏散准备就绪程度。