Khaji Ali, Larijani Bagher, Ghodsi Seyed Mohammad, Mohagheghi Mohammad A, Khankeh Hammid R, Saadat Soheil, Tabatabaei Seyed Mahmoud
Medical Ethics and History of Medicine Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Sina Trauma and Surgery Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran.
Arch Bone Jt Surg. 2019 Sep;7(5):445-452.
Some disasters, such as earthquake and flood make the majority of affected people homeless. The accommodation of these people in temporary shelters and camps requires some specific ethical issues. The aim of the present study was to discuss ethical issues regarding living in camps following natural disasters.
This study is conducted utilizinga qualitative content analysis approach. The required data were collected from four Focus Group Discussions (FGDs). Subsequently, 11 in-depth interviews were completed using the individuals who had the experience of receiving care following natural disasters and continued until data saturation. Data were analyzed using Graham content analysis method.
According to the results obtained from affected people's views, the most important ethical issues that are not considered important in temporary shelters and camps include:1) the violation of privacy,2) the shortage of basic needs (e.g., food, water, and sanitation) and type and quality of services rendered,3) lack of attention to cultural and religious views of the affected people, 4) cause of evacuation, 5)lack of co-operation among disaster managers, 6)respecting the properties of the affected people, 7)conditions and geographic location of camps, 8)property care, and 9)community-based care.
Without paying attention to ethical issues, living in temporary shelters (i.e., camps) violates the dignity of affected people and then the affected people will not have appropriate cooperation with the managers. All these issues expose them to more harm than before.
一些灾害，如地震和洪水，使大多数受灾群众无家可归。这些人在临时避难所和营地的安置需要考虑一些特定的伦理问题。本研究的目的是探讨自然灾害后在营地生活的伦理问题。
本研究采用定性内容分析法。所需数据来自四次焦点小组讨论（FGD）。随后，对有自然灾害后接受护理经历的个人进行了11次深入访谈，并持续进行直至数据饱和。数据采用格雷厄姆内容分析法进行分析。
根据从受灾群众观点中获得的结果，在临时避难所和营地中未被视为重要的最重要伦理问题包括：1）隐私侵犯，2）基本需求（如食物、水和卫生设施）短缺以及所提供服务的类型和质量，3）对受灾群众文化和宗教观点缺乏关注，4）撤离原因，5）灾害管理人员之间缺乏合作，6）尊重受灾群众的财产，7）营地的条件和地理位置，8）财产护理，9）社区护理。
如果不关注伦理问题，在临时避难所（即营地）生活就会侵犯受灾群众的尊严，进而受灾群众不会与管理人员进行适当合作。所有这些问题会使他们遭受比以前更多的伤害。
