a Faculty of Psychology & Educational Sciences , Open University of the Netherlands , Heerlen , The Netherlands.
b Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, European Graduate School for Neuroscience, SEARCH , Maastricht University Medical Centre , Maastricht , The Netherlands.
Psychol Health. 2018 Apr;33(4):555-572. doi: 10.1080/08870446.2017.1380813. Epub 2017 Sep 22.
Affect-related energy intake from snacks remains relatively unexplored in daily life. This study examines the associations between momentary positive affect (PA) and momentary negative affect (NA) and subsequent energy intake from snacks. In addition, the moderating role of BMI, gender, age and level of education is investigated.
Adults (N = 269), aged 20-50, participated in this study. Demographics were assessed in an online composite questionnaire. An experience sampling smartphone application was used to map momentary NA/PA and energy intake (kilocalories) from snacks in the context of daily life.
Energy intake from moment-to-moment self-reported snacks in real-life settings.
A significant negative main effect of momentary NA on moment-to-moment energy intake was found. The higher the momentary NA, the lower the subsequent amount of kilocalories consumed. There was no main effect with regard to PA. Interaction analyses showed that men decreased their energy intake after experiencing NA, and increased their intake after experiencing PA. No associations were found in women. Additionally, young adults (20-30) increased their energy intake after experiencing PA. No associations were found in the other age groups.
Interventions aiming at reducing energy intake might also address PA-related snacking in young adults and men.
与零食相关的情绪能量摄入在日常生活中仍相对较少被研究。本研究考察了即时正性情绪（PA）和即时负性情绪（NA）与随后零食能量摄入之间的关系。此外，还研究了 BMI、性别、年龄和教育水平的调节作用。
本研究纳入了 269 名年龄在 20-50 岁的成年人。通过在线综合问卷评估人口统计学特征。使用经验抽样智能手机应用程序，在日常生活背景下对即时 NA/PA 和零食能量摄入（卡路里）进行映射。
现实生活中从即时自我报告的零食中摄入的能量。
发现即时 NA 对即时能量摄入有显著的负向主效应。NA 越高，随后摄入的卡路里就越少。PA 则没有主效应。交互分析表明，男性在经历 NA 后会减少能量摄入，而在经历 PA 后会增加能量摄入。在女性中则没有发现这种关联。此外，年轻成年人（20-30 岁）在经历 PA 后会增加能量摄入。在其他年龄组中则没有发现这种关联。
旨在减少能量摄入的干预措施也可能针对年轻成年人和男性与 PA 相关的零食摄入。
