Arshad Rizwan, Angelini Lorenza, Zander Thomas, Di Puccio Francesca, El-Rich Marwan, Schmidt Hendrik
Julius Wolff Institut, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353 Berlin, Germany.
Julius Wolff Institut, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353 Berlin, Germany; Department of Civil and Industrial Engineering, University of Pisa, Italy.
J Biomech. 2018 Mar 21;70:113-123. doi: 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2017.08.020. Epub 2017 Aug 26.
During level walking, lumbar spine is subjected to cyclic movements and intricate loading of the spinal discs and trunk musculature. This study aimed to estimate the spinal loads (T12-S1) and trunk muscles forces during a complete gait cycle. Six men, 24-33years walk barefoot at self-selected speed (4-5km/h). 3D kinematics and ground reaction forces were recorded using a motion capturing system and two force plates, implemented in an inverse dynamic musculoskeletal model to predict the spinal loads and trunk muscles forces. Additionally, the sensitivity of the intra-abdominal pressure and lumbar segment rotational stiffness was investigated. Peak spinal loads and trunk muscle forces were between the gait instances of heel strike and toe off. In L4-L5 segment, sensitivity analysis showed that average peak compressive, antero-posterior and medio-lateral shear forces were 130-179%, 2-15% and 1-6%, with max standard deviation (±STD) of 40%, 6% and 3% of the body weight. Average peak global muscles forces were 24-55% (longissimus thoracis), 11-23% (iliocostalis thoracis), 12-16% (external oblique), 17-25% (internal oblique) and 0-8% (rectus abdominus) of body weight whereas, the average peak local muscles forces were 11-19% (longissimus lumborum), 14-31% (iliocostalis lumborum) and 12-17% (multifidus). Maximum±STD of the global and local muscles forces were 13% and 8% of the body weight. Large inter-individual differences were found in peak compressive and trunk muscles forces whereas the sensitivity analysis also showed a substantial variation.
在平地行走过程中，腰椎会经历周期性运动以及椎间盘和躯干肌肉组织的复杂负荷。本研究旨在估计一个完整步态周期中的脊柱负荷（T12-S1）和躯干肌肉力量。六名年龄在24至33岁之间的男性以自选速度（4至5公里/小时）赤脚行走。使用运动捕捉系统和两个测力板记录三维运动学和地面反作用力，并将其应用于逆动力学肌肉骨骼模型中，以预测脊柱负荷和躯干肌肉力量。此外，还研究了腹内压和腰椎节段旋转刚度的敏感性。脊柱负荷峰值和躯干肌肉力量出现在足跟触地和足趾离地的步态阶段之间。在L4-L5节段，敏感性分析表明，平均峰值压缩力、前后剪切力和中外侧剪切力分别为体重的130%-179%、2%-15%和1%-6%，最大标准差（±STD）分别为体重的40%、6%和3%。总的肌肉力量平均峰值为体重的24%-55%（胸最长肌）、11%-23%（胸髂肋肌）、12%-16%（腹外斜肌）、17%-25%（腹内斜肌）和0%-8%（腹直肌），而局部肌肉力量平均峰值为体重的11%-19%（腰最长肌）、14%-31%（腰髂肋肌）和12%-17%（多裂肌）。总的和局部肌肉力量的最大±STD分别为体重的13%和8%。在峰值压缩力和躯干肌肉力量方面发现了较大的个体差异，而敏感性分析也显示出很大的变化。
