The Babraham Institute, Cambridge, CB22 3AT, UK.
J Physiol. 2017 Nov 15;595(22):6825-6836. doi: 10.1113/JP274887. Epub 2017 Oct 31.
Ageing can occur at different rates, but what controls this variable rate is unknown. Here I have developed a hypothesis that vitamin D may act to control the rate of ageing. The basis of this hypothesis emerged from studyng the various cellular processes that control ageing. These processes such as autophagy, mitochondrial dysfunction, inflammation, oxidative stress, epigenetic changes, DNA disorders and alterations in Ca and reactive oxygen species (ROS) signalling are all known to be regulated by vitamin D. The activity of these processes will be enhanced in individuals that are deficient in vitamin D. Not only will this increase the rate of ageing, but it will also increase the probability of developing age-related diseases such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, multiple sclerosis and cardiovascular disease. In individual with normal vitamin D levels, these ageing-related processes will occur at lower rates resulting in a reduced rate of ageing and enhanced protection against these age-related diseases.
衰老是可以以不同的速度发生的，但控制这种可变速度的因素尚不清楚。在这里，我提出了一个假设，即维生素 D 可能起到控制衰老速度的作用。这个假设的基础源于对控制衰老的各种细胞过程的研究。这些过程，如自噬、线粒体功能障碍、炎症、氧化应激、表观遗传变化、DNA 紊乱以及钙和活性氧（ROS）信号的改变，都已知受维生素 D 调节。在维生素 D 缺乏的个体中，这些过程的活性将增强。这不仅会增加衰老的速度，还会增加患与年龄相关的疾病的可能性，如阿尔茨海默病、帕金森病、多发性硬化症和心血管疾病。在维生素 D 水平正常的个体中，这些与衰老相关的过程发生的速度较慢，导致衰老速度降低，并增强了对这些与年龄相关的疾病的保护。
